Lecture 11.

1
Project Integration and Closure

MN601 Network Project Management

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 Outline

Project Integration and Closure

1. Project Integration Management
2. Project Integration Processes
3. Capture Lessons Learned
4. Create the Closeout Report
5. Post Project Activities
6. Conclusions
7. References

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 Project Integration
Management
PMBOK
• Project Integration Management: “The processes
and activities needed to integrate the various
elements of project management, which are
identified, defined, combined, unified, and
coordinated within the Project Management
Process Groups.” – PMBOK

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 Project Integration
Management
• The Key to Overall Project Success:
Good Project Integration Management
– Project managers must coordinate all of the other
knowledge areas throughout a project’s life cycle.
– Focus on the big picture and steer the project team
toward successful completion.
– Project integration management is not the same thing
as software integration.

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 Project Integration
Management Processes
• Develop the project charter: working with
stakeholders to create the document that formally
authorises a project—the charter.
• Develop the preliminary project scope statement:
working with stakeholders, especially users of the
project’s products, services, or results, to develop the
high-level scope requirements and create a preliminary
project scope statement.
• Develop the project management plan: coordinating
all planning efforts to create a consistent, coherent
document—the project management plan.

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 Project Integration
Management Processes
• Direct and manage project execution: carrying out the
project management plan by performing the activities
included in it.
• Monitor and control the project work: overseeing
project work to meet the performance objectives of
the project.
• Perform integrated change control: coordinating
changes that affect the project’s deliverables and
organisational process assets.
• Close the project: finalising all project activities to
formally close the project.

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Project Integration Management Summary

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 Project Integration
Management Processes
QUIZ:
1. Explain the meaning of Project Integration
Management, and the processes followed for the
same.

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 Close Project

• A project moves into the closing stage when

customers accept the project deliverables
• A project can close as planned or be
terminated early
• Complete closing activities

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 Close Project
• Verify Scope - “the process of formalising acceptance of the
completed project deliverables.” - PMBOK
– Formal acceptance of project deliverables.
– Proceed to closing and realising stage.
– Buyer provides the seller with a formal written acceptance.
– A project closeout checklist may itemise typical project activities
and/or deliverables.
• Close Procurements -
– Verify that proper methods were used for all purchasing.
– Verify all contracts have been successfully completed.

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 “A punch list is a document prepared near the end of a construction project
listing work not conforming to contract specifications that the contractor
 must complete prior to final payment.[1] The work may include incomplete or
incorrect installations or incidental damage to existing finishes, material,
and structures.”
Ref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punch_list

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 Close Project
Terminate Projects Early:
– Mutual Agreements
• What deliverables or partial deliverables go to the buyer
• What compensation goes to the seller
• Resolve outstanding issues.
– Terminations for Default
• Problems with the project’s cost, schedule, or performance
• Lost confidence in the contractor
– Terminations for Convenience of Buyer
• The buyer faces unexpected difficulties or changing priorities
• Customer’s needs change
• Invoke a contract clause

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 Close Project
• Finalise all activities needed to finish the
project
– Write transition plan
– Knowledge management
– Create the closeout report

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 Close Project
Write Transition Plan
• Charter / instruction manual for how the customer
should use the project deliverables
• Ensure all responsibilities are considered
• Provide appropriate documentation to users
• A transition plan helps to ensure:
– Quality problems are avoided during transition
– Project deliverables transition into operational role
– Needed maintenance, upgrades, and training take place

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 Close Project
Knowledge Management
• Should occur throughout the project life
• Most apparent as a project comes to a close
• Capture lessons learned
• Disseminate and use lessons learned

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 Close Project
Project Customer Feedback Form

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 Capture Lessons Learned
Knowledge Management:
• What worked well?
• Where might a different method may yield better results?
– At milestones and at the end of a project
• Ask participants to identify major project issues.
• Go through one top issue at a time to determine what went
wrong and how it might be avoided in future projects.
• List significant successes and discuss what caused each.

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 Capture Lessons Learned

Knowledge Management:

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 Capture Lessons Learned

Knowledge Management:

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 Close Project

Disseminate & Use Lessons Learned

• Establish a method for documenting and
sharing lessons learned.
• Decide how to store lessons for easy access.
• Code (classify) each lesson by type of project,
stage in project life cycle, issue it concerns.
• Have one person assigned to “own” the
lessons learned database.
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 Close Project

Create the Closeout Report

– Summary status of the project
– Lessons learned
– Review of project’s original justification
– Ensure records are in a workable format
– Store records for easy access
Did the project accomplish what it was originally
approved to do?

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 Close Project
QUIZ:
1. When can you consider a project is properly
closed?
2. List and describe the essential aspects of
proper closing of a project.

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 Post Project Activities
• Reassign workers
– PMs provide timely updates for personnel records.
– PMs make honest recommendations for team members.
– PMs help team members secure next assignments.
Helping good workers secure follow-on work is one of the
most important things a project manager must do.
• Celebrate success and reward participants

“the project is over; we will limit any

additional work on this project.”

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 Post Project Activities
• Provide Ongoing Support
– Training, change management, other services
– Project transition plans are a sort of charter for the
customer.
• “instruction manual” on how the customer should use
the project deliverables once the project team has
completed its work
• Ensure Project Benefits are Realised
– How well the customers are able to use the deliverables?
– Consider use by direct customers and other stakeholders.

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 Close Project
QUIZ:
1. After you close a project, is you responsibility
as a project manager over?
2. What must you do after closing a project to
become a reputable project manager?

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 Conclusions

1. Project Integration Management implies that we consider the entire

project and its constituent activities as an integrated system.
2. Project Integration Processes should have a clear method for
transitioning from the project Charter to Scope to Plan, incorporating all
aspects of the project.
3. Capture Lessons Learned in the project’s closing state, such these
lessons are disseminated to all concerned in a format that makes it easy
to use these lessons in the future.
4. Create the Closeout Report to ensure that the client is satisfied and is
able to give feedback, along with that from the project team members.
5. Post Project Activities must ensure that the client gets all support need
to use the project deliverables.

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 References
Acknowledgement: Some of the text in this lecture is taken almost verbatim from the
following references:
1. T. J. Kloppenborg, Contemporary Project Management: Organize, Plan and Perform, South-
Western Cengage Learning, 2012.
2. Prepare PM, “Project Integration Management”, Preparepm.com
http://www.preparepm.com/notes/integration.html (accessed Sep. 25, 2017).

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