ARRANGEMENT

OF
HYDRAULIC’S
COMPONENTS

ISMANIZA ISMAIL
MECH. ENG. DEPT.
DEFINITION SYSTEM
APPLICATION
MAIN USAGE OF HYDRAULICS
ADVANTAGES vs DISADVANTAGES
 COMPONENTS ARRANGEMENT

Cylinder

Flow control valve

Directional control valve
Pressure relief
Accumulator valve

Check
valve
Pump Electric Motor
Filter
Tank
SYMBOLS FOR PORT
 CONTROLLING BI-DIRECTIONAL
MOTOR

4/3 way
directional
control
Pressure valve,open
relief Pump center.
valve Bi
directional
motor
 CONTROLLING TWO HYDRAULICS
MOTOR
Pressure relief Single Check
valve motor valve

Directional
control valve

Pump
Bi-directional motor
 Pure Hydraulics
For drilling For clamping
Cylinder B extend ( clamp )
A B

Cylinder A extend ( drill )

2
Cylinder A retract
1
4
3 Cylinder B retract

B+ A+A-B-
Electro Hydraulics
 DIFFERENCES
PURE
HYDRAULIC
movement of directional
control valve is controlled by
hydraulic
the sequence is controlled by
the differentiates of the
pressure in circuit
saving more power
ELECTRO-
HYDRAULIC
movement of directional
control valve is controlled by
solenoid generated of
electrical
using limit switch to control
the sequence
using more electrical power
OPEN CENTER SYSTEM

In neutral position,
hydraulics oil keep flow
from the pump to the
directional control valve
and then back to the tank.
 OPEN CENTER SYSTEM
ADVANTAGES
more simple in constructing the
system
Lower pressure while system
operating.
reduce vibration and wear
reducing leakage energy due to
the neutral state of the system-
less maintenance required
DISADVANTAGE
S
partial shift causes partial flow
to the tank and the actuator,
which generates more heat
high temperatures will lower the
viscosity and cause leak and
reduced lubrication
control may not be as precise
typically requires a large oil
cooler
CLOSED CENTER SYSTEM

In neutral position,
pump stop operating.
The directional
control valve block
the flow from the
pump. This makes
pump stop pumping
and break the
current to the
motor. The switch is
control by oil
pressure.
 CLOSED CENTER SYSTEM

ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
the pump only works high pressure can cause
when the system leaks in the system
requires oil
save power when the expeditions action
engines used hydraulic causes a vibration in the
tools. system
oil is stored in high slower responds when
pressure for quick action activated
 CIRCUIT SYSTEM

cylinder cylinder

Directional control Directional control

valve Pressure valve
Pressure
relief valve switch

Check valve Check valve

Pump Motor Pump Motor

Filter OPEN Filter CLOSED

Tank CENTER Tank CENTER
SYSTEM SYSTEM
 DIFFERENCES
Closed Center Open Center
Pump stop operating when DCV in Pump keep operating when DCV in
a neutral position. a neutral position.

DCV will stop the flow from the oil will keep flowing from the pump
pump and cause the pump through DCV and back to the tank
automatically stops operating.

When handling the valve, pressure When handling the valve, flow will
drop will occur and pump can direct to the cylinder as to lift and
continue operating. down the load. Pump has to
increase the pressure.

example : sand lorry example: water pump