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This document summarizes different types of cargo shipped internationally: full container load (FCL), less than container load (LCL), break bulk, hazardous, refrigerated, and valuable/precious goods. It provides details on each type such as typical packaging, advantages/disadvantages, and special regulations that may apply. Security measures are especially important when shipping valuable cargo to prevent theft.
This document summarizes different types of cargo shipped internationally: full container load (FCL), less than container load (LCL), break bulk, hazardous, refrigerated, and valuable/precious goods. It provides details on each type such as typical packaging, advantages/disadvantages, and special regulations that may apply. Security measures are especially important when shipping valuable cargo to prevent theft.
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This document summarizes different types of cargo shipped internationally: full container load (FCL), less than container load (LCL), break bulk, hazardous, refrigerated, and valuable/precious goods. It provides details on each type such as typical packaging, advantages/disadvantages, and special regulations that may apply. Security measures are especially important when shipping valuable cargo to prevent theft.
Авторское право:
Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Доступные форматы
Скачайте в формате PPT, PDF, TXT или читайте онлайн в Scribd
2. Less than Container Load (LCL) cargo 3. Break ± Bulk cargo 4. Hazardous cargo 5. Refrigerated goods 6. Valuable goods and precious stones Full Container Load (FCL) Cargo 1.
40t implies that you can hire the entire container for loading your cargo. This service is generally used if you are shipping large amount of goods.
4 0t has the following advantages :
- You obtain a huge amount of space for a relatively low price. - Sufficient care in packaging need not be taken as handling of the container is minimum. - Since the container is sealed after you finish loading it, no one will touch your goods until you reopen it overseas for custom clearance. Hence safety of goods is maintained. j.
4 Your goods are shipped with other people¶s shipment in the
same container. 4 0t means that you are only paying for certain space to be utilized in the container.
4 Care must be taken in packaging to prevent damage due to
other cargo. 4 Examples are parcel or courier service. 4 Crates, boxes, bags, drums are common methods of packaging such cargo. ë.
Cargo that is too large in volume or too heavy to be containerized.
4 Special packaging is required for shipping the cargo
seperately. 4 Alternatively, the bulk may be dismantled and then sent by normal containers.
4 Port charges as well as shipping charges are higher.
4 Specialized freight forwarders or specialized equipment may
be needed to ship the goods. =.
4 0t includes goods that are flammable, explosive or toxic.
4 Shipment of dangerous goods by sea are regulated
by 0nternational Maritime Organization (0MO) which publishes 0nternational Maritime Dangerous Goods Code (0MDG code)
4 Shipment of goods by air is regulated by
0nternational Air Transport Association (0ATA) and 0nternational Civil Aviation Organization (0CAO).
4 0n addition, shipper must abide the domestic
rules and regulations in exporter¶s and importer¶s country. .
4 Refrigerated containers are also called ± ³reefer´
4 Ensure that temperature is maintained at correct setting throughout the voyage. Also ensure proper humidity levels are maintained. 4 Ensure correct conversion (Celcius vs Farenheit) 4 Ensure incompatible cargo is not mixed together. Cargo Holds for Air Transport ¢.
Main issue is taking sufficient security measures.
Following steps are taken : 1. Specialized firms are hired. 2. Operational activities are through anonymous buildings and warehouses. 3. No advertising is done. 4. Company names are not displayed on vehicles. 5. Not more than certain amount of goods are shipped at a time. 6. Consignee names are periodically changed.
7. Technologically advanced communication systems a