EC 6014-COGNITIVE RADIO

Software Radio Architecture

Evolution
 Session Objective

To understand about,

• Evolution of Radio
• Comparison between Hardware radio Vs Software radio
• Evolution of SDR
• Functions of SDR
• Characteristics of SDR
• Application of SDR
Evolution of Radio
Comparison of Different Radio Technologies
Hardware Radio Vs Software Radio
Software Radio Architecture Evolution
Software Radio Architecture Evolution
 Characteristics or Aspects of SDR
i) Multiband
ii) Multi-carrier
iii) Multi-mode
iv) Multi-rate
v) Variable bandwidth
Functions of the Software radio
• An architecture is a framework in which a
specified class of components is used to
achieve a specified family of functions within
specified constraints, the design rules.
• SDR forum are in the process of defining open
architecture for SDR. For example wireless
functions of an SDR architecture is shown in fig.
Functional model of a software radio
communication system
i) Channel set: Due to technology advances and
physical layer flexibility antenna can access
more than one RF band at once. Hence
channel set included multiple RF bands.
ii) RF Channel access:
• Multiband antennas and RF conversion
comprise the RF/Channel access function.
• Interference suppression function also include
in RF function.
iii) IF Processing:
It may include filtering, further frequency translation,
equalization, space diversity, polarization, digital beam
forming and smart antennas.
iv) Bit stream processing:
It includes forward error control (FEC) and soft decision
decoding.
v) INFOSEC:
It is optional one. Many applications do not require
INFOSEC.
vi) Source set:
• It may include voice, data. Facsimile, video and multimedia. Some
sources are physically far away from the radio node. Hence it is
connected by synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH) or LAN or service
and network support.
vii) MODEM:
• Multimode radios generate multiple air interface waveforms using the
modem, the RF channel modulator-demodulator.
viii) Joint control
• In a software radio all these functions are implemented using digital
techniques in multithreaded multiprocessor software managed by “joint
control” function.
• Joint control may evolve towards autonomous selection of band, mode
and data format.
ix) Evolution support:
• A software radio can download new
personalities. These personalities may
modify any aspect of the air interface.
Hence evolution support is therefore
necessary to assure that each new
personality is safe before being activated.
 Applications of SDR

i) Military application
• SDR offers low latency point-point wireless links.
It also act as a communication repeater.
• SDR can monitor different frequencies, also it
can operate in different protocols (Bluetooth,
CDMA, GSM, LTE and Wi-Fi)
• SDR has been to able to reduce size, weight
and power of the equipment's.
ii) Patient Monitoring system:
iii) Disaster Management
SDR is highly interoperable.
iv) Deep space communications
SDR complies with the latest standards for
satellite communications.
 Summary
At the end of the session students can familiar
with,
• Evolution of Radio
• Comparison between Hardware radio Vs
Software radio
• Evolution of SDR
• Functions of SDR
• Characteristics of SDR
• Application of SDR