The effects of unplanned

development &
mismanagement of the
ecosystem
 Examples Of Unplanned
Development & Mismanagement…
 Agriculturalactivities
 Deforestation
 Invention
 Development of residential area
 Agricultural Activities
 Planting of paddy-excessive usage of
fertilizers-flow into the river-nitrate &
phosphate-increase the growth of algae-
causing eutrophication-aquatic life will
die..
 Eutrophication
 Eutrophication occurs when large quantities of nutrients such as nitrates and
phosphates enter an aquatic environment. Sources of these nutrients include animal
wastes, agricultural runoff, and sewage. The ecosystem quickly experiences an
increase in photosynthetic and blue-green algae, as these organisms thrive in the
presence of the added nutrients. An algae bloom occurs as the algae accumulates
into dense, visible patches near the surface of the water, prohibiting light from
penetrating deeper areas of lake or stream. Some fish are unable to survive without
this light, but for them an even more serious problem arises when the algae begin to
die. At this point, oxygen-demanding bacteria take over the ecosystem, decomposing
the algae and using up dissolved oxygen in the process. These bacteria increase the
biological oxygen demand (BOD) of the ecosystem. BOD is the amount of oxygen
required for the decomposition of organic compounds by microorganisms in a given
amount of water. It is usually measured in milligrams of oxygen consumed per liter of
water. Biological oxygen demand is important because it affects the amount of
dissolved oxygen available to all species in an aquatic ecosystem. A higher BOD
indicates a lower level of dissolved oxygen. This lower concentration of oxygen
causes many fish to suffocate, and as they die, the number of oxygen-demanding
decomposers increases even more.
Eutrophication….
.
 Deforestation
 Uncontrolled deforestation-destroy the flora &
fauna-causing landslide & soil erosion- mud
flood & flash flood
 Also affect the components of biosis and abiosis
–also led to the global warming & greenhouse
effect
 Thinning of ozone layer-the change of the
climate
 Soil erosion…..

Deforestation….

Flash flood…..
 Invention of…..
 Vehicles, e.g cars-emit smoke-contains carbon
dioxide & carbon monoxide-pollute the air-
harmful to human and animal.
 Air conditioner & refrigerator-emit
chlorofluorocarbon (CFC)-thinning of ozone
layer.
 All contribute to global warming & greenhouse
effect.
 Development Of Residential
Area
 Destroying the forest & hills-e.g building a
condominium at hilly area-may cause
landslide-floods-destroying the natural
habitats….
Landslides…..