TYPES OF CHEMICAL

REACTIONS
 COMBINATION REACTION
• ALSO KNOWN AS A SYNTHESIS REACTION
• S A REACTION IN WHICH TWO OR MORE
SUBSTANCES COMBINE TO FORM A SINGLE
NEW SUBSTANCE
COMBINATION REACTION

A + B AB
 COMBINATION REACTION
SOLID SODIUM METAL REACTS WITH
CHLORINE GAS TO PRODUCT SOLID SODIUM
CHLORIDE.

2Na(s)+Cl2(g)→2NaCl(s)
 DECOMPOSITION REACTION
• IT IS A REACTION IN WHICH A COMPOUND
BREAKS DOWN INTO TWO OR MORE
SIMPLER SUBSTANCES
DECOMPOSITION REACTION

ABA + B
 DECOMPOSITION REACTION
MERCURY (II) OXIDE, A RED SOLID,
DECOMPOSES WHEN HEATED TO PRODUCE
MERCURY AND OXYGEN GAS.

2HgO(s)→2Hg(l)+O2(g)
 DECOMPOSITION REACTION
METAL HYDROXIDES DECOMPOSE ON HEATING TO YIELD
METAL OXIDES AND WATER.

EXAMPLE:
SODIUM HYDROXIDE DECOMPOSES TO
PRODUCE SODIUM OXIDE AND WATER.

2NaOH(s)→Na2O(s)+H2O(g)
SINGLE-REPLACEMENT REACTION

• ALSO CALLED AS SUBSTITUTION

• IS A REACTION IN WHICH ONE ELEMENT
REPLACES A SIMILAR ELEMENT IN A
COMPOUND.
SINGLE-REPLACEMENT REACTION

A+BCAC + B

ELEMENT A IS A METAL AND REPLACES ELEMENT B ,

ALSO A METAL, IN THE COMPOUND.
SINGLE-REPLACEMENT REACTION

Y+XZYX + Z

Y IS A NONMETAL AND REPLACES THE NONMETAL Z IN

THE COMPOUND WITH X.
 SINGLE-REPLACEMENT REACTION
WHEN A STRIP OF MAGNESIUM METAL IS PLACED IN
AN AQUEOUS SOLUTION OF COPPER (II) NITRATE,
AQUEOUS MAGNESIUM NITRATE AND SOLID COPPER
METAL ARE PPRODUCED.

Mg(s)+Cu(NO3)2(aq)→Mg(NO3)2(aq)+Cu(s)
 DOUBLE-DISPLACEMENT
REACTION
• ALSO CALLED AS METATHESIS
• IS A REACTION IN WHICH THE POSITIVE
AND NEGATIVE IONS OF TWO IONIC
COMPOUNDS EXCHANGE PLACES TO FORM
TWO NEW COMPOUNDS.
DOUBLE-DISPLACEMENT
REACTION

AB+CDAD + CB
 DOUBLE-DISPLACEMENT
REACTION
• IN THIS REACTION, A AND C ARE CATIONS, WHILE B AND D ARE
ANIONS.
• GENERALLY OCCUR BETWEEN SUBSTANCES IN AQUEOUS
SOLUTION.
• IN ORDER FOR A REACTION TO OCCUR, ONE OF THE PRODUCTS IS
USUALLY A SOLID PRECIPITATE, A GAS, OR A MOLECULAR
COMPOUND SUCH AS WATER.
 DOUBLE-DISPLACEMENT
REACTION
WHEN A FEW DROPS OF LEAD (II) NITRATE ARE ADDED TO A
SOLUTION OF POTASSIUM IODIDE, A YELLOW PRECIPITATE OF
LEAD (II) IODIDE IMMEDIATELY FORMS. POTASSIUM NITRATE
IS THE OTHER PRODUCT.

2KI(aq)+Pb(NO3)2(aq)→2KNO3(aq)+PbI2(s)
 COMBUSTION REACTION

• IS A REACTION IN WHICH A SUBSTANCE REACTS WITH

OXYGEN GAS, RELEASING ENERGY IN THE FORM OF LIGHT
AND HEAT.
 COMBUSTION REACTION

• MANY COMBUSTION REACTIONS OCCUR WITH A

HYDROCARBON, A COMPOUND MADE UP SOLELY OF
CARBON AND HYDROGEN. THE PRODUCTS OF THE
COMBUSTION OF HYDROCARBONS ARE ALWAYS
CARBON DIOXIDE AND WATER. 
 COMBUSTION REACTION

• IF SUFFICIENT OXYGEN IS NOT AVAILABLE

DURING REACTION, COMBUSTION WILL BE
INCOMPLETE THUS ELEMENTAL CARBON AND
POISONOUS CARBON MONOXIDE CAN BE
ADDITIONAL PRODUCTS.
 COMBUSTION REACTION

PROPANE (C3H8) IS A GASEOUS HYDROCARBON

THAT IS COMMONLY USED AS THE FUEL SOURCE
IN GAS GRILLS.

C3H8(g)+5O2(g)→3CO2(g)+4H2O(g)
 ACID-BASE REACTION

• ALSO KNOWN AS NEUTRALIZATION REACTION

• A TYPE OF DOUBLE DISPLACEMENT REACTION
THAT OCCURS BETWEEN AN ACID AND A BASE
 ACID-BASE REACTION

• THE H+ ION IN THE ACID REACTS WITH THE

OH- ION IN THE BASE TO FORM WATER AND AN
IONIC SALT (ARRHENIUS THEORY)
 ACID-BASE REACTION

HA + BOH → H2O + BA
 ACID-BASE REACTION

THE REACTION OF AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS

OF SODIUM HYDROXIDE AND HYDROCHLORIC
ACID PRODUCES SODIUM CHLORIDE AND WATER.

HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq) → NaCl(aq) + H2O (l)