HUMAN

DEVELOPMENT
What is Human Development?
 is a process that continues throughout our
lives.
 typical human development is a pretty
predictable process, most humans develop at
similar rates. This pattern of development
allows us to make generalizations about
different stages.
Stages of Human
Development
 1. Infancy
 typically the first year of life and the most
important stage of human development.
 the period extends from birth to 18 months of
age
 this is called the age of Trust vs. Mistrust
 Infancy
 If the mother or child’s caretaker anticipates
and fulfills these needs consistently, the infant
learns to trust others and develop confidence.

 But, if the infant fails to get needed support

and care it develops mistrust which affects the
personality in later stages of life.
 2. Childhood
 during this stage, children start to
explore and develop a sense of
independence.
 children learn to make their own
decisions and they discover that their
actions have consequences.
 Children need to be nurtured so that
they develop self-confidence instead of
self-esteem issues.
 A child also needs guidance as they
begin to test out new skills and gain
confidence in their decision-making.
Early Childhood
 Age: 1-6 years old
 Conflict:
Toddler 1 to 3 years - Autonomy vs. shame and doubt
Preschool 3 to 6 years – Initiative vs. guilt
 the muscular and nervous system have developed
markedly, and the child is eager to acquire new skills.
 child learn to make their own decision and they discover
that their actions have consequences.
Toddler 1 to 3 years
Autonomy vs. shame and doubt
 Children learn to exercise will, to make choices,
and control themselves, or they become uncertain
and doubt that they can do things by themselves.
Preschool 3 to 6 years – Initiative vs. guilt
 children learn to initiate activities and enjoy their
accomplishment, acquiring direction and purpose.
If they are not allowed initiative, they feel guilty
for their attempts.
Late Childhood
 Age: 6-12 years old
 Conflict: Industry vs. inferiority
 children develop a sense of industry and
curiosity and eager to learn, or they feel
inferior and lose interest in the tasks
before them.
3. Adolescence
 Age: 12-20 years old
 Conflict – Identity vs. Role Confusion
 Young men and women are
primarily concerned with finding their
identity and expressing who they are in
the world.
 Puberty causes many physical
changes to take place, and adolescents
must adapt to their changing bodies.
 As adolescents try to find their
place, they may experiment with
different roles and make attempts to
separate from authority figures.
4. Adulthood
 brings on even more new
challenges and major
decisions about school,
career, and home life.
Early Adulthood
 Age: 20-40 years old
 it involves few physical changes, but it’s a
time of important emotional development,
as young adults decide where they want to
live, who they want to live with, and what
type of work they want to do.
 Conflict Intimacy vs. Isolation
 Young people become able to commit
themselves to another person, or they
develop a sense of isolation and feel
they have no one in the world but
themselves.
Middle Adulthood
 Age: 40-65 years of age
 Conflict – Generosity vs. Stagnation
Adults are willing to have and care
for children and devote themselves to
their work and the common good, or
they become self-centered and
inactive.
Adults begin to deal with the physical
sign of age: wrinkles, gray hair, and
maybe a few extra pounds.
 Adults also experience stress from
dealing with older children and taking
care of aging parents.
 period of contentment and
satisfaction.
Late Adulthood
 Age: 65 years of age and up
 Conflict – Ego integrity vs. despair
 Older people enter a period of reflection,
becoming assured that their lives have been
meaningful and ready to face death with
acceptance and dignity. Or they are in despair
for their unaccomplished goals, failures, and
ill-spent lives.
Thank You 
and
God Bless!
ROBIN C. CLEMENTE
REPORTER