PROJECT MANAGEMENT

Project, Why Project, Project Management,

What is not a Project, Triple Constraint,
Process Groups, Types of Projects, Program,
Portfolio, Project Management Framework,
Integrated approach
 WHAT IS A PROJECT

Inputs A need
or desire
Outputs

Resources
•Men Activity Goods
•machine Activity
•Material Services
•Money Activity
•knowledge
Project

2
 CHARACTERSTICS OF PROJECTS
1. Unique 2. Temporary 3. Progressively Elaborated

1.Projects are Unique

Project
Resource
Activity
Goals /
Resource Activity Objectives
Activity
Resource

Start Date End Date

2.Projects are temporary

Stakeholder have
vested interest
3. Completes, 4. Sucessfull
A project is a temporary endeavor undertaken to create a unique product, service
3
or result PMBOK® Guide.
 WHY PROJECTS?
To meet strategic business goals and objectives
•Compresses life cycle
•Global competition
•Business needs
•Customer request
•Technological advance
 WHAT MAKES PROJECTS
DIFFERENT?
• Projects vs. operations
 PROJECTS AND OPERATIONS

Features Projects Operations

1. Key similarities Planned, execute, and Planned, execute, and controlled,

controlled, performed by people. performed by people. Resource
Resource constrained. constrained.
2. Purpose Attain objective and terminate Sustain the organization

3. Time temporary Ongoing

4. Outcome Unique product, service or result Non-unique product, service or result

5. People Dynamic, temporary teams Functional team generally aligned with

formed to meet project needs. organizational structure.
Generally not aligned with
organizational structure.

6
PROJECT LIFE CYCLE STAGES
THE TRIPLE CONSTRAINT
Time
Time

Scope
Scope Cost
Cost

Also known as the IRON TRIANGLE

 PROJECT GOALS AND CONSTRAINTS

• Projects are undertaken to accomplish specific goals

• Scope and quality measure performance and should result in
outputs that satisfy customers
• Consider scope and quality subject to constraints of time and
cost
• Opportunities may allow projects to exceed original
expectations.
• Project Managers (PMs) decide which goals and constraints
take precedence.
PROJECT CUSTOMER TRADEOFF
MATRIX
 NO PROJECT MANAGEMENT

End Client
Result

I have a
project Why plan
When you can just start
Random building?
Activities

Team members

11
 PROJECT MANAGEMENT

End Client
Result

I have a
project
Project activities Project Management
Activity
Activity Set of tools and
techniques
Activity

Team members

12
WHAT IS PROJECT MANAGEMENT?
• A successful project management means delivery of project
result on time, within budget and according to performance.
• Project management is accomplished through the use of the
processes such as: initiating, planning, executing, controlling,
and closing.
• It is accomplished through appropriate application and
integration of 49 logically grouped project management
processes comprising the 5 process groups.

– What are those FIVE Process Groups?

– What are those 10 Knowledge Areas in Projects?
– PMBOK Consists of a project life cycle, five process groups, and nine knowledge areas
 PMBOK® PROCESS GROUPS

Initiating Process—“defines and authorizes a project or a

project phase”
Planning Processes —“defines and refines the project
plan to achieve objectives”
Executing Processes —“directs and manages people and
other resources to accomplish project work”
Monitoring and controlling Processes—“collects data
and checks progress to determine any needed corrective
actions”
Closing Processes —“formalized acceptance of project
outcomes and ending the project”
 PROCESS GROUP LINKS

Initiating Planning
Processes Processes

Controlling Executing
Processes Processes

Closing
Processes
Arrows Depict Information Flows

All projects typically go through these five processes

 PMBOK® Knowledge Areas

Scope Schedule
management management

stakeholder
cost management Quality
management management

Integration
Risk management Resource
Management Management

Procurement Communication
management management
16
 Project Scope Management
Describes the processes required to ensure that the
project will include all the work required and only the
work required to complete the project successfully. It
consists of initiation, scope planning, scope
definition, scope verification and scope change
control.
 PMBOK® Knowledge Areas

Scope Schedule
management management

stakeholder
cost management Quality
management management

Integration
Risk management Resource
Management Management

Procurement Communication
management management
18
 Project Time Management
Describes the processes required to ensure
timely completion of project. It consists of
activity definition, activity sequencing, activity
duration estimation, schedule development
and schedule control.
 PMBOK® Knowledge Areas

Scope Schedule
management management

stakeholder
cost management Quality
management management

Integration
Risk management Resource
Management Management

Procurement Communication
management management
20
 Project Cost Management

Describes the processes required to ensure

that the project is completed with in the
approved budget. It consists of resources
planning, cost estimation, cost budgeting and
cost control.
 PMBOK® Knowledge Areas

Scope Schedule
management management

stakeholder
cost management Quality
management management

Integration
Risk management Resource
Management Management

Procurement Communication
management management
22
 Project Quality Management
Describes the processes required to ensure
that the project will satisfy the need for which
it was undertaken. It consists of quality
planning, quality assurance, and quality
control.
 PMBOK® Knowledge Areas

Scope Schedule
management management

stakeholder
cost management Quality
management management

Integration
Risk management Resource
Management Management

Procurement Communication
management management
24
 Project Integration Management
Describes the processes required to ensure
that the various elements of the project are
properly coordinated. It consists of project
plan development, plan execution and overall
change control.
 PMBOK® Knowledge Areas

Scope Schedule
management management

stakeholder
cost management Quality
management management

Integration
Risk management Resource
Management Management

Procurement Communication
management management
26
 Project Risk Management
Describes the processes concerned with
identifying, analyzing, and responding to
project risk. It consists of risk identification,
risk quantification, risk response
development, and risk response control.
PMBOK® KNOWLEDGE AREAS

Scope Time
management management

cost Quality
management management

Integration
Risk management HR
Management Management

Procurement Communication
management management
28
Project Procurement management
Describes the processes required to acquire
goods and services from outside the
performing organization. It consists of
procurement planning, solicitation planning,
solicitation, supplier selection, contract
administration, contract closeout.
 PMBOK® Knowledge Areas

Scope Schedule
management management

stakeholder
cost management Quality
management management

Integration
Risk management Resource
Management Management

Procurement Communication
management management
30
 Project HR Management
Describes the processes required to make
most effective use of the people involved with
the project. It consists of organizational
planning, staff acquisition, and team
development.
 PMBOK® Knowledge Areas

Scope Schedule
management management

stakeholder
cost management Quality
management management

Integration
Risk management Resource
Management Management

Procurement Communication
management management
32
Project Communication Management
Describes the processes required to ensure
timely and appropriate generation collection
and disposition of project information . It
consists of communication planning,
information distribution, performance
reporting, and administrative closure.
 PMBOK® Knowledge Areas

Scope Schedule
management management

stakeholder
cost management Quality
management management

Integration
Risk management Resource
Management Management

Procurement Communication
management management
34
 Project Stakeholder Management
Include the processes required to identify the peoples,
groups or organization that could impact or impacted by the
project, to analyze stakeholders expectations and their
impact on the project, and to develop appropriate
management strategies for effectively engaging stakeholders
in project decisions and execution. It consists of identify
stakeholders, plan stakeholder engagement, manage
stakeholder engagement, and monitor stakeholder
engagement.
Mapping Of Project Management Processes and PMBOK Knowledge Areas
Life stages
 WHY PROJECTS FAIL
• Not enough resources available for project
completion.
• Not enough time given to the project.
• Project expectations are unclear.
• Changes in the scope not understood or agreed upon
by all parties.
• Disagreement regarding expectations for the project.
• Adequate project planning is not used.
 TYPES OF PROJECTS
• Classifying by industry
• Classifying by size
• Classifying by timing of determination of proj
ect scope
• Portfolio
 PROGRAMS
Program – “a group of related projects managed in a coordinated way to
obtain benefits and control not available from managing them individually.”
PMBOK® Guide

• Programs may last as long as the organization lasts.

• Specific projects within a program are of limited duration
• Project managers are concerned with the tradeoffs of cost,
schedule, scope, and quality on their individual projects
• The program manager is concerned with making tradeoffs
between projects for the maximum benefit of the entire program.
 PORTFOLIOS
• A portfolio deals with all of an organization’s
projects.
• Portfolios should be balanced including:
– large and small projects
– high-risk high-reward and low-risk projects
– projects that can be completed quickly and some
that will take substantial time to finish.
 PROJECTS AND SUBPROJECTS
• A large project may be composed of
multiple subprojects

Subproject – “a smaller portion of the overall project created when a

project is subdivided into more manageable components or pieces.”
PMBOK® Guide
PORTFOLIO, PROGRAM, PROJECT,
AND SUBPROJECT RELATIONSHIPS
 SUMMARY
1. Project,
2. Why Project
3. Project Management
4. What is not a Project
5. Process Groups
6. Triple Constraint
7. Types of Projects
8. Program, Portfolio