COMPUTER HARDWARE

Lecture # 2
by
Awais Khyzer
ESSENTIALS OF COMPUTING

Computing: is any activity that uses computers to manage,

process, and communicate information. It includes development
of both hardware and software.

Computer: An electronic system that can be instructed to accept,

process, store, and present date and information.

Computer System: A computer and all the hardware

interconnected with it.
5 COMPONENTS OF
COMPUTER SYSTEM
 Hardware
 Programs
 Information
 People
 Procedures
HARDWARE

Hardware (computer hardware or devices):

The computer and its associated equipment.
• Input devices
• Processors
• Output devices
• Secondary storage devices
INPUT DEVICES

Input: The data or information entered into a

computer or the process of entering data or
information into the computer for processing,
storage and retrieval, or transmission.
• Keyboard
• Mouse
• Image scanners
• Bar code scanners
• Microphones
PROCESSOR

Processor/Central Processing Unit (CPU): A set of

electronic circuits that perform the computer’s
processing actions.

Microprocessor: The smallest type of processor, with

all of the processing capabilities of the control unit
and ALU located on a single chip.

Chip: A collection of electronic components in a very

small, self-contained package.
PROCESSOR

System Board (Mother Board): The system unit in a microcomputer,

located on a board mounted on the bottom of a computer base.
The Motherboard itself is a printed circuit board that allows the
CPU, RAM, and all other computer hardware components to
communicate with each other.

Primary Storage (Main Memory): Storage within the computer

itself. Primary memory holds data only temporarily, as the
computer executes instructions. it can be directly accessed
by the central processing unit. E.g ROM & RAM.
OUTPUT DEVICES

Output: The results of input followed by data processing

and providing meaningful information or returned by the
computer, either directly to the person using the system or
to secondary storage.
• Printer
• Monitor
• Speakers
• Headphones
SECONDARY STORAGE DEVICES (IMP)

Secondary Storage (Auxiliary Storage): A storage medium

that is external to the computer, but that can be read by
the computer; a way of storing data and information
outside the computer itself.
• Floppy Disk
• Zip Disks
• Hard Disks
• Optical Disks (CD/DVD)
PERIPHERAL (EXTERNAL) DEVICES (IMP)
A peripheral device is defined as a computer device, such as a
keyboard or printer, that is not part of the essential computer (i.e.,
the memory and microprocessor). These auxiliary devices are
intended to be connected to the computer and used.
• External peripherals; include mouse, keyboard, printer, monitor,
external Zip drive or scanner
• Internal peripherals; include CD-ROM drive, CD-R drive or
internal modem (router).
• Today's new devices, such as tablets, smartphones
and wearable computing devices are considered
peripherals as they can be connected and used
on a computer system.
VIDEO LINKS
• Video links are a mandatory part of your course.
• Don’t ignore them watch carefully and make notes.

• Explanation of Computer Hardware.

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zRb0flJbn9Y
THANK YOU