Introduction to

Humanities
Hum 1
Significant Concepts &
Overview Of The Humanities
Lesson 1
 What Is
Humanities?
• It came from the word homo, which means man or human.
• Humanities are formed by collective disciplines which depict the human condition
(Fernandez, 2009.)
• It deals with man’s internal world – his personality and experiences, while sciences deal with
the external world of man (Ortiz, et.al, 2003.)
• An academic disciplines which study the human condition, using methods that are primarily
analytic, critical, and speculative (Fr. Ricardo Sta. Cruz, n. d. )
 Visual
Liberal Arts
arts
• History Literature
• Languages
• philosophy

Humaniti
Theatre es Music

Drama Dance
 What Is Art?
• Art comes from the Latin word ars which means “skills”, which suggests some competence
in performing or completing some activity.
• Art is man’s creative and aesthetic activities and works.
• Skillful arrangement or composition of some common but significant qualities of nature,
such as colors, sounds, lines, movements, words, stones, wood, etc. to express human
feelings, emotions and thoughts in a perfect, meaningful and enjoyable way.
 Sensory
Response

ART &
EXPERIENCE Emotional
Response

Intellectual
Response
Art & Nature
 We may find beauty in nature or in man-made
objects

Our attitude towards a thing of beauty is

conditioned by our experiences

Art & Beauty Concepts of beauty changes as time

passes

Concepts of beauty vary from cultures

Principles Of Artistic
Composition
Lesson 2
SUBJECT
• Any person, object, scene,
or event described or
represented in a work of
art.
FUNCTION
• Personal function
• Social function
• Physical function
MEDIUM
• The art materials which
artist uses to translate his
feelings or thought into an
art.

ORGANIZATION CRITICISM
• The way the parts or • The method of verifying or
elements are combined and testing artistic works.
arranged to make a whole.
Elements Of Visual Arts
Lesson 3

*Refer to the video uploaded on the page

 ARTWORK NO. 1: SELF-PORTRAIT
• Using your choice of materials (crayon, watercolor, oil pastel, etc.), illustrate a self-portrait,
anything that will represent you as a person (it can be an object, nature, animal, symbol, etc.)

• Make sure to apply the elements of arts in your artwork.

Painting and Related Arts
Lesson 4
 Painting
• Painting is the art or process of applying pigment on a smooth
surface – paper, cloth, canvass, wood, or plaster – to secure an
interesting arrangement of forms, lines, and colors (Ortiz, et al.,
1976).
• It is the branch of visual arts in which color, derived from any
numerous organic or synthetic substances, is applied to various
surfaces to create a representational or abstract picture or
design.
Mediums of Painting
Pigment
Pigment is the part of the
painting that provides the color
and is composed of fine powder
ground from clay, stone, or
mineral, extracted from
vegetable matter, or produced
by chemical process.
Ground
The surface on which paint is
applied.
Palette
A tray made of wood, plastic,
or metal where the painter
mixes his paint.
Brushes
In various shapes and
sizes, brushes are made of
natural or synthetic hair.
Painting
Knives
Used for mixing paints and
for putting paint on a
surface.
Air
Brush
A pencil-shaped paint
sprayer, to obtain flat,
uniform blending of colors
and intricately detailed
designs.
Different Types
of Paint
Oil Paint
Advantage:
Flexible, glossy, dries slowly
and corrections are easy to
make
Disadvantage:
Expensive
Pastel
Advantage:
Color effect closer to the
natural pigments; does not
crack easily
Disadvantage:
Fragile and easily smudges; has
to be framed under glass or
sprayed with a fixative
Acrylic
Advantage:
Flexible, can be applied to any
surface, does not crack or turn
yellow with age
Disadvantage:
Dries quickly, thus corrections
are difficult to make
Water Color
This is tempered paint made of
pure ground pigment bound
with gum Arabic and mixed
with water.
Tempera
A permanent, fast-drying
painting medium consisting of
colored pigment mixed with
water-soluble binder medium
(usually a glutinous material
such as egg yolk).
Fresco
This is done by application of
earth pigments mixed with
water on a lime plaster wall.
Encaustic
Encaustic painting (hot wax
painting), involves using heated
beeswax to which colored
pigments are added.
Ink
Ink paintings are done with a
liquid that contains pigments
and/or dyes and is used to color
a surface to produce an image,
text, or design.
Enamel
Enamels are made by painting a
substrate, typically metal, with
frit, a type of powdered glass.
Spray Paint
Aerosol paint (also called spray
paint) is a type of paint that
comes in a sealed pressurized
container and is released in a
fine spray mist when
depressing a valve button.
 Other Arts
Related to Paint
Mosaic
This is the art of creating a
picture by assembling pieces of
colored glasses, stones, and
other materials.
Stained Glass
Small pieces of translucent
colored glasses are combined to
form the desired image and
held together by hands or lead.
Tapestry
Hand-woven textile or cloth
weave, typically decorated with
figures, and used as a wall
hanging, curtain, carpet, or
furniture covering.
Drawing
This is the delineation of form
upon a surface, usually a plane,
by means of lines and tints or
shading.
Photography
This method of picture making,
based on principles of light,
optics, and chemistry,
developed in the early 19th
century.
 ARTWORK NO. 2: PAINTING
• Materials:
• 1/8 Illustration board
• Pencil
• Watercolor/acrylic paint
• Paintbrush
• Subject:
• Your own representation of what will the Earth/world will look like after five (5) years.
• Directions:
• Using the above listed materials, create a painting following the given subject.
• You must document the process of creating your artwork by video recording it.
• Your artwork must be submitted at the end of the trimester (1 st week of September), but your documentation
must be submitted before August 30, 2020 thru messenger or you may post it on our Facebook group page.
Lesson 5
Sculpture
 Sculpture
• The art of constructing a 3-dimensional form to represent a
natural or imaginary shape.
• From the Latin word sculpere meaning “to carve.”
• Sculptures can represent subject or ideas, they may also just be
shapes from found objects such as recycled materials.
Forms of
Sculpture
 Relief
Sculpture
A form of sculpture wherein the
figure projects from a background.
- Bas or low relief, form is
slightly raised from the
background.
- High relief, figures that project
to the extent of one half their
thickness, they are almost in the
round.
Free-standing
A sculpture that can be viewed
from whatever angle one
wishes to view it.
 Mobiles
A kind of kinetic sculpture
made of strips of metal, glass,
wood or plastic, arranged with
wires and hung where they can
be move.
 Processes
Involved in
Sculpture
Carving
It is a subtractive process; that
is, it involves cutting away
unwanted portions of the raw
material to obtain the desired
image or design.
Modeling
It is the process of shaping or
molding the material into the
desired form. Clay or claylike
substances, baked to achieve
increased durability, have been
used for modeling since the
ancient times.
Casting
It involves the production of a
negative mold into which
molten metal or plaster is
introduced to form the solid
mass.
Fabrication
It employs the method of
joining or fastening, such as
nailing, stapling, soldering, and
welding. In this process, the
artist builds his form piece by
piece.
Mediums in
Sculpture
Stone
Advantages:
durable; it resists weather, fire,
and ordinary hazards.

Disadvantages:
heavy, expensive, breaks easily
Metal
Advantages:
Rich color, smooth texture that
reflects light; relatively light
Disadvantages:
Too heavy and expensive to be
used in large solid statues; has a
tendency to crack when cooled;
difficult to cast
Wood
Advantages:
Cheap, easily available, easy to cut,
polishes well, has a smooth shining
surface and beautiful color, light and
can be made into numerous shapes.

Disadvantages:
Limited in size; burns easily
Ivory
Advantages:
It is used for small pieces in which
very delicate carving is needed;
has a rich creamy yellow color

Disadvantages:
Cracks easily; difficult to find
these days, therefore expensive.
Terra Cotta
Advantages:
Cheaper that stone & bronze;
brilliant colors are made
possible by the glazing

Disadvantages:
It is easily broken and chipped
Glass
Advantages:
Translucence especially with the
play of lights on its various forms

Disadvantages:
Fragile, not portable and can only
be displayed properly indoors
Plastic
Advantages:
Malleable, durable and versatile

Disadvantages:
Stays on land for a long period,
causing land pollution
Temporary Sculpture
 ARTWORK NO. 3: SOAP/CANDLE
CARVING
• Materials:
• Soap (bath soap) or Candle
• Cutter
• Pusher/empty ball pen
• Subject:
• Any subject of your choice
• Type of Sculpture: free-standing or relief
• Directions:
• Using the above listed materials, create a sculpture following any subject of your choice.
• You must document the process of creating your artwork by video recording it.
• Your artwork must be submitted at the end of the trimester (1 st week of September), but your documentation
must be submitted before August 30, 2020 thru messenger or you may post it on our Facebook group page.
 Architecture
Lesson 6
 Architectur
e
• The practice of building design and its resulting products;
customary usage refers only to those designs and structures that
are culturally significant.
• It is the art of designing and constructing a building which will
serve a definite function, ranging from providing the simplest
shelter to meeting the technological demands of our modern
cities.
Construction
Principles
Post-and-
Lintel
It is the oldest of construction
systems, which makes use of
two vertical supports (posts)
spanned by a horizontal beam
(lintel). Most of our houses are
built in this principle (Ortiz, et
al., 1976)
Arch
It consists of separate pieces of
wedge-shaped blocks, called
voussoirs, in a semi-circle.
A curved roof is simply a
succession of arches, one
placed directly behind another
to produce a structure similar to
a tunnel.
Truss
It is a system of triangular
forms assembled into a rigid
framework and functioning like
a beam or lintel.
Cantile
ver
This system consists of a beam
or slab extending beyond its
supporting post. A cantilever is
formed with the free projecting
ends of beams project from a
wall.
Steel Constructions
Steel beams are used for the framework of the building. These beams, connected like a
cage, from the skeleton of the building.
Other Building
Parts
Buttres
s
A stone support that projects
outward from a wall.
Column
A pillar made of stone or
concrete that supports an arch
or roof, or that stands alone.
Flying
Buttress
A buttress that forms an arch,
connecting a main wall with
another structure.
Gargoyle
A carved figure of a person or
animal that is usually made of
stone and is placed on the
gutters of a building.
Latticewor
k
A framework of crisscrossing
metal or wood strips. It can be
used as a support structure or
just for decoration.
Portico
An entrance porch, usually
supported by columns.
Spire
A tower shaped like a cone that
was developed in Europe and is
usually the top of a place of
worship.
Story/Store
y
Any level of a building that can
be inhabited by people.
 ARTWORK NO. 4: DREAM HOUSE
• Materials:
• Pencil
• Coloring materials of your choice
• Oslo Paper/ Short Bond Paper
• Subject:
• Your dream house
• Directions:
• Using the above listed materials, create an artwork following the given subject.
• You must document the process of creating your artwork by video recording it.
• Your artwork must be submitted at the end of the trimester (1st week of September), but your
documentation must be submitted before August 30, 2020 thru messenger or you may post it on our
Facebook group page.