Welcome to 12 week Classroom training

Program

STEAG Energy Services

 STEAG Energy Services

BPC training program

4 X 150 MW Morupule B
COAL TO ELECTRICITY
Coal an energy source

Coal is a mineral possessing chemical Energy.

Carbon, made from ancient plant material, gives

coal most of its energy.

This chemical energy is released in a process to

generate Electricity.
Process Law

Law of conservation of Energy:

Energy can be neither be created nor destroyed

but it can be changed from one form into another.

This process is conversion of energy.

How much coal to be burnt

The quantity of coal converted to electricity depends

on the calorific value of the coal and capacity of
plant.

Releasing Energy in Coal :

The process of converting coal into electricity has

multiple steps
Steps in conversion of coal to electricity

• Transportation of (fuel) coal to plant stock yard.

• Preparation of (fuel) coal suitable for combustion in boiler to
generate heat.
• Preparation of heat carrying medium (WTP).
• Heat transfer to heat carrying medium(water/steam)
• Heat transfer by Conduction, Convection, Radiation, (Boiler)
• Converting heat energy to mechanical energy, (Turbine)
• Converting mechanical energy to electrical energy, (Alternator)
Chemical to Mechanical to Electrical

Fuel Steam Shaft Electricity

B T G

When a process follows repeatedly same pattern with a

time interval it is called cycle.
Chemical to Mechanical
A machine called a Coal Crusher downsizes the
coal into 10 -12 mm size. The coal now is fed to
Combustor with hot air, which helps the coal burn
more efficiently.

The burning coal heats water in a Boiler, creating

steam.

Steam released from the boiler powers an engine

called a TURBINE transforming heat energy from
burning coal into mechanical energy (steam) that
spins the turbine engine.
Mechanical
The spinningtoturbine
Electrical
is coupled to GENERATOR, a
machine that turns mechanical energy into electric
energy.

A condenser cools the steam coming through the

turbine.

As the steam is condensed, it turns back into water.

The water returns to the boiler, and the cycle begins
again

When a process follow repeatedly same pattern with

a time interval it is called a cycle.

E.g. (steam and water cycle)

Power generation process-conversion of energy
Energy Conversion
Steam Energy To Mechanical Energy
Mechanical to Electrical
Power generation in India
Steam power plant layout
 BTG and BoP
• Boiler Generator
• APH Water system[DM,CW]
• ESP Coal handling plant
• FD Fan Ash Handling plant
• PA Fan Transformers
• FBHE Fan Breakers
• ID Fan
• Chimney
• Turbine
• Condenser
• Condensate pump
• Vacuum pump
• Heat Exchangers
 Boiler

• Fluidized bed combustion

• Pulverized fuel combustion

Fluidized bed combustion
Pulverized fuel combustion
 Arrangement of Boiler components

• Economizer
• Drum
• Water walls
• Super heaters
• Reheater
• Mills
• Fans
Sub Critical Boiler
 Auxiliaries of Boiler

• Fans
 Draft System

• FD Fans Secondary Air

• PA fans Primary air

Air preheater Rotary/Tubular
Electro Static Precipitator[ESP]
 Flue gas System

• ESP

• ID fans

• Chimney
 Feed Water System

• Boiler feed pump

• HP heaters

• Economiser
 Steam System

• Water walls

• Drum

• Low temp superheater

• Final superheater

• HP Turbine

• Reheater
Condensate System

• Hotwell

• CEP

• LP heaters

• Deaerators
Deaerator
Condenser
Turbine
Boiler Feed Pump
 Auxiliaries of Turbine

• Feed water pumps

• Condensate pumps

• Cooling water system

• Cooling tower

• Low pressure heaters

• High pressure heaters

• deaerator
Reheat cycle
Regenerative cycle
 Circulating water system

• Condenser

• Cooling tower

• Circulating water pumps

Generator
 Auxiliaries of Generator

• Rotor

• Stator

• H2 gas system

• Stator water system

Power Evacuation, switchyard
Power Evacuation, transmission lines
 Thank
You

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