BasicS

Definitions,
Characteristics,
Significance or Impact,
Classification
Which is descriptive of the items below?

A.= useless plants

B.= out of place
C.= product of disturbed natural
vegetation
D.= both positive and negative values
E.= more damaging than useful

1. Mimosa pudica
2. Imperata cylindrica
3. talahib in kaingin area
4. pansit pansitan
5. kangkong
6. saluyot in cornfields
7. ornamental Cyperus alternifolius
8. takip kuhol
9. kulitis in onion fields
10.mutha
 definitions ...

A plant growing out of place or in

other words, where it is not wanted.
 definitions ...

A weed is any plant, native or non-

native, that interferes with crop
production by doing more harm than
good and has a habit of encroaching
where it is not wanted.
 definitions ...

Weed is a product of disturbed natural

vegetation.
 definitions ...

Weed is the most important

component of the total pest complex
but usually underestimated.
 esired” by
MAN

WEEDS
Mites, Insect
nematodes,
Pathogens
Molluscs
Rodents
Birds
Pests others

Total pest complex

 definitions ...

Weeds are plants that compete with

other crops in terms of nutrients,
water, light and space.
 definitions ...

Weed has positive and negative values.

 definitions ...

Weeds are plants that are more

damaging than useful.
 definitions ...

Weeds are undesirable plants.

Weeds are useless plants.
Weeds are aggressive competitors of
crops.
Characteristics of a
weed

RECOGNIZE WHETHER A PLANT

IS A CROP OR A WEED
Which weed character is pertained?

A. COMPETITIVE
B. REPRODUCTIVE
C. PERNICIOUS
D. PERSISTENT

 
1. …because they want the same things
2. “makulit” or always around
3. causes unnecessary expenses
4. seeds banked in the soil
5. may enter dormancy
6. lethal
7. vegetative propagules
8. adaptation for dispersal
9. serious, when crops are young
10.CTL
Characteristics

Reproductive
Competitive
Reproductive
Competitive

Persistent
Pernicious
Persistent
 1. Competitive character

 Is the type of ecological relationship

existing between crops and weeds
 This character is what makes weed
the worst pest of the crop
 Weed competes with crop for light,
nutrients, water and space
 Influenced by
 Crop and weed stage
 Crop and weed morph
 Allelopathic substances
 2. Reproductive character

 A prerequisite to weed persistence

 Weeds are known to produce high
number of seeds (sexually)
 New weed plants are formed from
vegetative parts (asexually); this has
impact on its dispersal via movement
within the farm
 Only perennials are known to
reproduce asexually; annuals and
biennials reproduce by seeds
 3. Persistent character

It is the continuing quality (in the

unfavorable sense) of the weed after
control measures are applied
Influenced greatly by dormancy of
weed seeds, number of seeds produced
by each species, survival tactics by
each species, ways and means for
dispersal, and seed viability
 4. Pernicious character

The character of weed that means

exceedingly harmful, working in a
hidden and usually injurious manner
Could be direct or indirect costs
Significance or impact

ACKNOWLEDGE THE DUAL

NATURE OF WEEDS
 Weed is “doblE-CARA”
Negative

Weeds reduce
Positive the crop quality.

Could be a source
of income – raw
materials for
composting and
livelihood products
like baskets,
fencing materials
Medicinal plants
Botanical
pesticides
Ornamentals
Toxin absorbers
Classification

SPECIAL OR REGULAR?
 Which weed classification is
appropriate?

A. BODY TEXTURE
B. GROSS MORPHOLOGY
C. GROWTH HABIT
D. HABITAT
E. LIFE SPAN

1. its development occurs within one

year
2. usually found near irrigation canals
3. associated with wetlands
4. simple perennial
5. floats
6. sturdy and woody
7. parallel venation
8. needs posts to climb on
9. has achene or caryopsis
10.shrub
 Weed Bases Of Classification

Life Span

Gross
Habitat
Morphology

Growth
Body Texture
Habit
 Life Span

Annual

Life
Cycles
Perennial Biennial
 habitat

Aquatic

Floa Eme Subm

ting rgent erged
 Growth habit

Shrubs

Vines
 Body texture

• soft
herbaceous

• hard
woody
 Weed Classification

Growth habit
a. Shrubs
b. Ascending
c. Vines
d. Prostrate
e. Erect
 Weed Classification

Growth habit
a. Shrubs – a perennial, woody
plant having several main stems
arising at ground level
 Weed Classification

Growth habit
b. Ascending - directed upward,
with a divergence angle of 15° 45
° from upper axis
 Weed Classification

Growth habit
c. Vine - elongated, weak stems,
supported by means of
scrambling, twining, tendrils, or
roots; may be herbaceous or
woody
 Weed Classification

Growth habit
d. Prostrate - trailing or lying flat
 Weed Classification

Growth habit
e. Erect - pointing upward
 Gross morphology

Dicot

67 families
Monocot

Sedge Grass
Cyperaceae Poaceae
Broadleaf
 Characteristics of the special weed
(a.k.a. noxious weeds)

Rapid vegetative growth

Efficient and early reproduction
Ability to survive and adapt to adverse
conditions
Ability to become dormant under
unfavorable conditions
Ability to cause significant damage
even at low densities