CASE STUDY

A new skyscrapers project technical briefing.

• Muhammad tunggal rif’at
• Ariel irsyad TH
 Exercise:
D.
Read a short extract from an article below, about the
dimensions of skyscrapers. Underline and explain the
meaning of those words in the text which describe:
a. Element of skyscrapers
b. Dimensions
from a bussines perspective,the vital statistics of record-
breaking skyscrapers are:
• total height, to generate publicity
• total number of floors and total floor space, to
maximise value
 from an engineering perspective, the above factors will
determine a number of key dimensions : those of the
foundations, columns,beams,floor slabs,and curtain walls.
During the design phase,if the
lengths,widths,depths,thicknesses,areas or volumes of
any of these elements are changed, all the other pieces of
the dimensional jigsaw puzzle will be affected.
E.
You and your partner are consulting engineers. You are going to
give a technical briefing to some investors who are planning a new
skyscraper project. The talk should focus on the question of key
dimensions which will be determined by the overall height, number of
floors and total floor space of the skyscraper – as discussed in the
extract above. Hold a discussion and make notes to prepare your
briefing. Include the elements and dimensions you underlined in
previous exercise. You can the example discussion below to get
started.
a). The total height of the skyscraper will determine its width, as taller
structures
need to be wider, for stability.
b). Yes. And the height and width of the structure will determine the
total area of
the curtain walls. The area of the walls is important, because it’ll
determine the amount of wind load on the building.
c). That’s right. And the amount of wind load is critical because
that’ll affect ...
 THE ANSWER OF POINT D
A.
The above factors will determine a number of key dimensions:
those of the foundations, columns, beams, floor slabs and curtain walls.
Foundation: foundation is the element of a structure which
connects it to the ground, and transfers loads from the structure to the
ground.
Column: column or pillar in architecture and structural engineering
is a structural element that transmits, through compression, the weight of
the structure above to other structural elements below.
Beam: beam is a structural element that primarily resists loads
applied laterally to the beam's axis. Its mode of deflection is primarily by
bending.
Floor slab: floor slab (also called plate slab or filigree slab) is a
reinforced concrete slab with a minimum thickness of 5–6 cm.
Curtain wall: curtain wall system is an outer covering of a building
in which the outer walls are non-structural, utilized only to keep the
weather out and the occupants in.
B.
During the design phase, if the lengths, widths, depths,
thicknesses, areas or volumes of any of these elements are
changed.
Length: length is the measurement or extent of something
from end to end; the greater of two or the greatest of three
dimensions of a body.
Width: width is the measurement or extent of something
from side to side.
Depth: depth is the distance from the top or surface to the
bottom of something.
Thickness: thickness is the distance between opposite sides
of something.
Area or Volume: Volume is the quantity of three-
dimensional space enclosed by a closed surface, for example, the
space that a substance (solid, liquid, gas, or plasma) or shape
occupies or contains.
 THE ANSWER OF POINT E
 Al-karim hospital.
A plan described from the pandemic that is
happening right now.al-karim itself is taken
from one of the best names of ALLAH SWT
( asmaul husna ) which means most generous.
the plan to build this hospital to facilitate
people who are less able to get affordable or
free treatment.
here is more information about al-karim
hospital:
• The hospital has a hexagon-shaped building
pattern (which is inspired by the harmony of
faith which amounts to 6 points).
 The building is planned to have a height of 855m, with an
overall floor area of 526,828m2.
• The top of the tower has a height of 15m with a hexagon
prism shape.
• The estimated number of floors is 210 floors, with the
distance between floors as high as 2,5 m, and each floor rises
by 1 floor then the next floor area is reduced by 2 m2.
• Each floor has a thickness of 1.5 m2.
• Each floor has 7 support poles, with 1 main pole.
• This hospital carries earthquake-proof buildings, provided
that the foundation is placed on stable soil, connected to the
foundation belt (sloff), given a layer of sand that serves to
dampen vibrations, the sloff must be firmly related to the
foundation, and not placed too close to the wall.
• The depth of this foundation is 20m, with a width and
length of 30x35m.
 the materials we use.

Concrete is one of the important components of skyscrapers. Consisting of concrete (a

mixture of water, cement powder, as well as gravel and sand) poured in 'ayakan' which will
strengthen the concrete against the movement of buildings caused by the wind.
However, here we take the example of Petronas Towers type of concrete used twice as strong
as regular concrete. This power is gained by adding particles that are smoother than ordinary
concrete. These tiny particles bind more strongly.
Another material is steel, which is a alloy of iron and carbon. Coated with plaster and
'vermiculite' (hot mica shaped like a sponge) for protection from corrosion and heat. Once
welded, the steel is coated by the material. Then covered by aluminum foil.
For maximum concrete and steel quality, both are used simultaneously in skyscraper
construction. Additional columns can be made of concrete around steel beams
Many kinds of materials are used in covering the frame of the building. Like walls, the outer
walls consist of glass, metals such as aluminum or light steel, or of stones such as granite,
marble, and limestone.