|


à




@
|
|

 O  
|


Shortage of rainfall coupled with its erratic distribution during rainy season causes

severe water deficit conditions resulting in various intensities of droughts. In India,

the seasonal rainfall (monsoon rains) over the Indian sub-continent is a global

phenomena associated with large-scale hemispherical movement of air masses. The

El Nino event is one such phenomenon

O

O  
|


|

ãeteorology Water Resources Agriculture- Crop Yield Population

Inadequate ãonsoon Inadequate water availability, Shift in agricultural High greater rate of human
rainfall. high water loss in storage & practices (low to moderate & animals.
distribution, utilities water demand crops to high
crops).

High temperature & Over exploitation of surface & Crop damage due to rain & Location of high water
evaporation, wind ground water. snow / pest consuming milestones at
Speed. semi arid / arid regions

Unseasoned rains &

fog / Snowfall.
 
O
|
 

 |
  

|uring the drought of 2000-2001, a total of eight states have fallen foul of the rain gods. These included Gujarat,

ãadhya Pradesh, Orissa, Rajasthan, Chattisgarh, Himachal Pradesh, ãaharashtra and Tehri Garhwal districts in

Uttaranchal. Some states were in their second, or third consecutive year of drought.

In the 70 important water reservoirs in India, the storage position is officially described as the lowest in a

decade. Ground water levels have fallen considerably in the eight drought hit states. In a number of districts,

says the nodal agriculture ministry, the fall in water levels is at the rate of over 2 metres a year- this includes

eight districts in Chattisgarh, 13 in Gujarat, 30 in ãadhya Pradesh, 18 in Orissa and 15 in Rajasthan.

|

   |  O 

  O ||

States Districts
Andhra Pradesh Anantapur, Chittoor, Cuddapah, Hyderabad, Kurnool, ãehaboobnagar, Nalgonda, Prakasam

àihar ãunger, Nawadah, Palamau, Rphtas, Bhojpur, Aurangabad, Gaya

Gujarat Ahmedabad, Amrely,Banaskanta, Bhavanagar, Bharuch, Jamnagar, Kheda, Kutch, ãeshana,

Panchmahal, Rajkot, Surendranagar

Karnataka Bangalore, Belgaum, Bellary, Bijapur, Chitradurga, Chickmangalur, |harwad, Gulbarga, Hassan,
Kolar, ãandya, ãysore, Raichur, Tumkur

Madhya Pradesh Betul, |atia, |ewas, |har, Jhabuva, Khandak, Khargaon, Shahdol, Shahjapur, Sidhi, Ujjain

Maharashtra Ahmednagar, Aurangabad, Beed, Nanded, Nashik, Osmanabad, Pune, Parbhani, Sangli, Satara,
Sholapur

Orissa Phulbani, Kalakhandi, Bolangir, Kendrapada,

Jammu & Kashmir |oda, Udhampur

Haryana Bhiwani, Gurgao, ãahendragarh, Rohtak

  O ||
 
Even this year Pã has announced the threat of |ROUGHT.

There is 25 % decrease in rainfall till yet. The Reason for low monsoon this time
is EL NINO
 (  





El Nino, an abnormal warming of surface ocean waters in the eastern tropical

Pacific, is one part of what's called the Southern Oscillation. The Southern
Oscillation is the see-saw pattern of reversing surface air pressure between the
eastern and western tropical Pacific; when the surface pressure is high in the
eastern tropical Pacific it is low in the western tropical Pacific, and vice-versa
To really understand the effects of an El Nino event, compare the normal
conditions of the Pacific region and then see what happens during El Nino
below.

Normal Conditions (Non El Nino)

El Nino Conditions
|ue to El Nino the monsoon is affected badly in IN|IA this year as it has affected the air flow as
shown in the below illustration.
 O |  

 O
|


One of the sectors where the immediate impact of drought is felt is agriculture. With the
increased intensity or extended duration of drought prevalence, a significant fall in food
production is often noticed. |rought results in crop losses of different magnitude
depending on their geographic incidence, intensity and duration. The droughts not only
affect the food production at the farm level but also the national economy and the overall
food security as well. Their impact is also felt due to:
‡ҏ|eficit in ground water recharge.
‡ҏNon-availability of quality seeds.
‡ҏReduced draught power for agricultural operations due to distress sale of cattle,
‡ҏLand degradation.
‡ҏFall in investment capacity of farmers, rice in prices, reduced grain trade, and power
supply.
 |O
|

 O

@