IPS ACADEMY

INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & SCIENCE

( A UGC AUTONOMOUS INSTITUTE , AFFILIATED TO

RGPV)
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

PRESENTATION ON “RELAYS”

Presented by :

Sandeep Kumar Singh R (0808EX181022)

Ritika Jain (0808EX181017)
CONTENTS

Introduction
Parts and design of relay
Working of relay
Relay contacts
Reference
 INTRODUCTION
• Today's electric power system consists of large and small generating
stations, transformers, transmission lines, distribution lines, reactors,
capacitors, Short circuits, also known as faults, will change the
status of a power system from a normal state to an abnormal state.
Relays are in wide use throughout power systems to detect abnormal
modes of operation. and induction motors.

•  They are relatively small electromechanical, solid‐state, or

computer (microprocessor‐based) devices that sense the abnormal
modes of operation
WHAT IS A RELAY?

 A Relay is an electromechanical switch, operated by passing

current through a coil of wire wound around a steel core, which
acts as an electromagnet, pulling the switch contact down to
make or break a circuit.
PARTS & DESIGN OF A RELAY

1. Relay inside its

Plastic Case. 
2. Relay separated
from its case using a
screwdriver. 
3. Parts of the Relay. 
4. Relay Leads which
can be soldered to a
PCB 
 
WORKING OF RELAY

 A small current is passed though the coil which generates a

magnetic field. This magnetic field pulls the armature down
towards the coil. At the end of the armature is a contact. When the
armature moves its contact touches the contact of the controlled
circuit. This creates a closed circuit.
(this is not always the case as some relays are normally closed)
 FIGURES SHOWING WORKING OF RELAY 

1. Armature & Insulated Coil of

Relay. 

2. Relay without Insulated Coil. 

3. Contacts Of the Relay when No

current is Applied across the terminals
of the relay.

4. Contacts Of the Relay when

Current is Applied across the
terminals of the relay.

5. Spring of the Relay. 

WHY ARE THEY USED?

 Generally speaking a relay is used to control a circuit, typically

a circuit with a higher voltage or current.
 Other purposes:
 Safety
 Remote control ($)
 Size (Starter Motor, Head Lights, Horn)
RELAY CONTACTS
NORMALLY OPEN VS. NORMALLY CLOSED
 The number of contacts in a relay can vary. In many there are two
sets of contacts referred to as Normally Closed and Normally
Open.
 The Normally Closed set of contacts are in contact with the
contact on the armature when the relay is not activated.
 The Normally Open contacts are not in contact with the armature
when the relay is not activated