L. J.

Institute of Engineering & Technology

Department of Instrumentation & Control

Environmental Instrumentation

UNIT-3: Sedimentation & Flotation

INSTRUCTOR:
Ms. Niyati Chauhan
niyati.chauhan@ljinstitutes.edu.in
 Sedimentation

Niyati Chauhan Niyati.chauhan@ljinstitutes.edu.in 2

 UNIT-3
Sedimentation & Flotation

Types
TypesofofSedimentation.
Sedimentation.
There are two types of
Sedimentation Process

Plain Sedimentation
with Coagulation
Sedimentation

Niyati Chauhan Niyati.chauhan@ljinstitutes.edu.in 3

 UNIT-3
Sedimentation & Flotation

(1)
(1)Plain
PlainSedimentation:-
Sedimentation:-

Niyati Chauhan Niyati.chauhan@ljinstitutes.edu.in 4

 UNIT-3
Sedimentation & Flotation

(2)Sedimentation
(2)Sedimentationwith
with
Coagulation.
Coagulation.
Coagulation

Finely divided (Silica, clay

etc ..) do not settle down easily &
hence can not be removed by
Sedimentation.
Silica , Clay are negatively Charged
& low weight .Such impurities are
removed by Coagulation method.
When Al2(So4)3 is added in Water
+Ve & -Ve charges make bond &
We get Al(OH)3.
Niyati Chauhan Niyati.chauhan@ljinstitutes.edu.in 5
 UNIT-3
Sedimentation & Flotation

(2)Sedimentation
(2)Sedimentationwith
with
Coagulation.
Coagulation.

Niyati Chauhan Niyati.chauhan@ljinstitutes.edu.in 6

 UNIT-3
Sedimentation & Flotation

Types
TypesofofSettling
Settling
Flocculant

Compressio
Hindered
Discrete

Settling
Settling

Settling

Niyati Chauhan Niyati.chauhan@ljinstitutes.edu.in 7

 UNIT-3
Sedimentation & Flotation

Niyati Chauhan Niyati.chauhan@ljinstitutes.edu.in 8

 UNIT-3
Sedimentation & Flotation

Type I: Discrete particle settling - Particles

settle individually without interaction with
neighbouring particles.
Type II: Flocculent Particles – Flocculation
causes the particles to increase in mass and
settle at a faster rate.
Type III: Hindered or Zone settling –The
mass of particles tends to settle as a unit with
individual particles remaining in fixed positions
with respect to each other.
Type IV: Compression – The concentration of
particles is so high that sedimentation can only
occur through compaction of the structure.

Niyati Chauhan Niyati.chauhan@ljinstitutes.edu.in 9

 UNIT-3
Sedimentation & Flotation

Settling phenomena

Specific Fall
Size Shape Gravity velocity

Niyati Chauhan Niyati.chauhan@ljinstitutes.edu.in 10

 MCQ
Q-1 The amount of coagulant needed for
coagulation of water increases
with_____________.
Decrease in
Incre tempInerature
as crease in tuo
rbf water
Temp e in turbi idity & Decre
Temperature ase
Deecrarteure o dity & of water
asef w
inater
turbi
of wa dity
ter

Niyati Chauhan Niyati.chauhan@ljinstitutes.edu.in 11

 Chapter – 2
Quality of water

Turbidity :-
Turbidity is an Optical measurement
that indicates the Presence of
Suspended Particles.

Niyati Chauhan Niyati.chauhan@ljinstitutes.edu.in 12

 Thank you

Niyati Chauhan Niyati.chauhan@ljinstitutes.edu.in 13