Scientific

Scientific Approach
Approach
GROUP MEMBER
 Nadia Ardianisa  Nur Aida (18220352)
Putri (18220347)  Resti Gunawan
 Nurra Gaia (18220386)
Dewiyanti  Tia Anisah
(18220272) (18220334)
 Salsabila Pratiwi  Mela Anisa
(18220345) (18220379)
 Sherina Gema  Muhammad
Millennium Fahrurrozi
(18220336) (18220339)
 Rissa Suniarti
 Definition
Definition
Scientific approach is one used in learning using
the scientific method of teaching actiities. It is
hoped that this approach will make students
think scientifically, logically, critical and
objectiveScientific
accordingapproach is a model of learning that
to the facts.
makes use of scientific rules containing a series
of data - gathering activities by means of
observation, experiments, administering
information or data, and then communicating
( Ministry of education and culture, 2004)
Bernard dalam Keyes (2010:21) menyatakan bahwa :

“A scientific method based on three assumptions :

(a) that reality is ‘out there’ to be discovered,
(b) that direct observation is the way discover it,
(c) that material explainations for observable phenomena
are always sufficient, and that metaphysical explainations
are never needed.”
The purpose of the scientific approach in learning
according to Hosnan 2014

• To improve intellectual abilities, especially

students‘ higher order thinking skills.
• To shape students‘ abilities in solving a
problem systematically
• Create learning conditions in which students
feel that learning is a necessity.
• To train students in communicating ideas,
especially in writing scientific articles.
• To develop student character.
Characteristics
According to Hosnan (2014) the scientific approach has the following
characteristics:

-Learning centre.
-Involves science process skills in
constructing concepts, laws or principles.
-Involves cognitive processes that have the
potential to stimulate intellectual
development, especially students' higher
order thinking skills.
- Can develop student character.
 PRINCIPLE
Some of the principles of the scientific approach in learning activities are as
follows (Hosnan, 2014):

1. Student centered learning.

2. Learning forms students self concept.

3. Learning is avoided from verbalism.

4. Learning encourages an increase in students' thinking skills.

5. Learning increases student motivation and teacher motivation to teach.

6. Provide opportunities for students to practice skills in communication.

 Criteria
1. Learning materials are based on facts or phenomena
that can be explained by logical or ceritain reasoning.
2. Teacher explanations, student responses, and
teacher-student educational interactions are free from
instaneous prejudice, subjective thinking, or reasoning
1. that deviates from the flow of logical thinking.
3.encourage and inspire students to think critically,
analytically, And accurately in identifyinh,
understanding, problem solving, and applying learning
materials
4. Encourage and inspire students to be able to think
hypothetically on seeing the differences, similarities, and
Links with each other from the learning material.
5. Encourage and inspire students to be able to
understand, apply, and develop rational and objective
thinking patterns in responding to learning material.
6. Based on the concept, theory, and justifiable empirical
facts.
7. The learning objectives are formulated in a simple and
clear manner, but the presentation system is interesting.
 STAGES OF
STAGES OF SCIENTIFIC
SCIENTIFIC APPROACH
APPROACH

1. Observing : Curiousity built here. Teacher contextualizes learning

activity for student in the classroom.
2. Questioning : The process of constructing knowledge. Student pose
questions for gaining information and comprehension about
previousmaterial.
3. Experimenting : The teacher as a director while students do
experiments.
4. Associating : The info that have been collected from previous
activity must be analysis. Student process information from teacher
and draw the conclusion.
5. Networking : Teacher holds role that provide correct and
reciprocal scaffolding. It can be through dialogue, discussion or
written.
BENEFITS
BENEFITS
1.Helping students repair and improve cognitive skills and processes.

2.The knowledge obtained through this model is very personal and

powerful for strengthening understanding, memory, and transfer.

3.Gives students a sense of pleasure, as they develop a sense of inquiry

and success.

4.Causing the student to direct his or her own learning activities by

involving his or her own intellect and motivation.

5.Helping students strengthen their concept, because they gain trust with
others. 6 focusing on students and teachers both actively issues issues of
ideas. 7 encourage students to think and work upon their own initiative.

6.The learning process situation becomes more aroused.

Deficiency
• This method is not efficient for teaching large numbers
of students, because it takes a long time to help them find
theories or other solutions to problems Raises the
assumption that there is a readiness of the mind to learn.
• The expectations embodied in this model can be
shattered against students and teachers who have become
accustomed to old learning methods.
• Discovery teaching is more suitable for developing
understanding, while the aspects of concepts, skills and
emotions as a whole receive less attention.
• Does not provide the opportunities for thought that will
be found.
• One method that can be used in the scientific learning
approach is the discovery learning method.
 According to Bruner in Arends (2008), discovery
learning is a teaching method that emphasizes the
importance of helping students to understand the
structure or key ideas of a discipline, the need for
active student involvement in the learning process,
and the belief that true learning occurs through
personal discovery ( personal discovery)
 Problems
Problems
1. Mengamati (observing)
1.Mengamati (observing)
2. Menanya (questioning)
2.Menanya (questioning)
3. Menalar (Associating)
3.Menalar (Associating)
4. Mencoba
4.Mencoba(Experimenting)
(Experimenting)
5.Membentuk
5. Membentuk Jejaring
Jejaring ( Networking)
( Networking)
THANK YOU!