Mathematics 7

LESSON 1

SETS
 What is a Set?
Math concept Description
Characteristic of a  collection or group of
set objects
 it is well-defined
• well–defined means that
it is possible to determine
whether an object belongs
to a given set or not.
Examples
Well- defined:
 A set of Philippine Presidents
 A set of dishes
 A set of counting numbers
 A set of odd numbers
Not well-defined:
 The set of all large numbers.
 The set of good writers.
 The set of nice people in your
class.
 How to Write and Name a Set
A set is represented by a capital letter.

Elements are usually represented by

small letters, numbers, words, or
representations of the members of a
given set.

Braces are used to enclose the elements.

K = { red, blue, yellow }
R = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, … }
Commas are used to separate the P = { +, - , ×, ÷ }
elements.
 Three Ways to Describe a Set
Ways Description Examples
1.The Roster  Listing each element of the A = {1, 2, 3, 4}
Notation set inside the symbol { }
 Each distinct element is B = {p, h, i, l, n, e, s}
or Listing
listed once and the order of C = {5, 10, 15, …}
Method listing the elements does not D = {Oppo, Vivo, Samsung}
matter.

Distinct element means

unique elements or has no
duplicate elements.
 Three Ways to Describe a Set
Ways Description Examples
2. The Verbal  A method of describing a set 1. Set A is the set of counting
Description in words.
numbers less than 5.
Method
2. Set B is the set of letters in
the word “Philippines”
3. Set C is the set of positive
multiples of 5.
4. Set D is the set of mobile
phones.
 Three Ways to Describe a Set
Ways Description Examples
3. The Set  A method that lists the rules 1. A = { x l x is a counting
that determine whether an number less than 5 }.
Builder Notation “read as “the set of all x’s such
object is an element of the
or Rule Method that x is a counting number
set rather than the actual less than 5”.
elements. The vertical bar ( ) after the
first x is translated as
“such that”.
2. B= {x l x is a letter in the
word “Philippines”}
3. C= {x I x is a positive
multiple of 5}
4. D= {x I x is a mobile phone}