The Current State of ICT

Technologies
 Internet

 a large computer network that is made up of thousand

network worldwide
 - in 1969, the Advanced Research Projects Agency Network
or ARPANET was launched by US Department of Defense
to allow scientists to share information and computer
resources
 Web Browsers

 a computer program used to open and browse

web pages over the internet
 - examples of web browsers are Google Chrome,
Mozilla Firefox, Safari, Internet Explorer, etc.
World Wide Web (WWW)

 -invented by Tim Berners-Lee in 1989

 -an information space where documents and other
web resources are identified by Uniform Resource
Locators (URLs) interlinked by hypertext links and
accessible through the Internet
Web 1.0

 Web 1.0 refers to the first stage in the World Wide Web,

which was entirely made up of web pages connected by
hyperlinks. Although the exact definition of Web 1.0 is a
source of debate, it is generally believed to refer to
the web when it was a set of static websites that were not
yet providing interactive content.

Example of this type of web page is an information found

on http://tilde.club/~choire/.
Web 2.0 

 Web 2.0 is the term used to describe a variety of web sites

and applications that allow anyone to create and share
online information or material they have created. A key
element of the technology is that it allows people to
create, share, collaborate & communicate. 

The social media pages and blogs are examples of Web

2.0.
Convergent Technologies

 Technological convergence is the synergy of

technological advancements to work in a
similar goal or task. It is the use of several
technologies to accomplish a task
conveniently.
Social Media

 Social network
 Bookmarking sites
 Social News
 Media Sharing
 Microblogging
 Blogs and Forums
Mobile Technologies

 The popularity of smartphones and tablets

has taken rise over the years. This is largely
because of the devices' capability to do tasks
that were originally found in personal
computers.
Mobile Technologies Operating System:

 iOS
 Android
 Blackberry OS
 Windows Phone OS
 Symbian
 WebOS
 Windows Mobile
Assistive Media

 It is a non-profit service designed to

help people who have visual and
reading impairments. A database of
audio recordings is used to read to
the user. 
Copyright Infringement

 Intellectual Property
 Copyright Law
 Folksonomy – allows users to categorize and
classify/arrange information.
Hashtag – used to “categorize” posts in website
Convergence – the synergy of technological
advancements to work on a similar goal or task
Social media – websites, applications, or online channels
that enable users to create, co-create, discuss, modify, and
exchange user-generated content.
The cybercrime law

 Republic Act No. 10175, or the Cybercrime

Prevention Act of 2012, was signed into law by
President Aquino on Sept. 12, 2012.
 Its original goal was to penalize acts like cybersex,
child pornography, identity theft and unsolicited
electronic communication in the country.
 However, a provision expanding the scope of libel law to cover
Internet posts was opposed by various groups, which asked the
Supreme Court to issue a temporary restraining order (TRO) and a
status quo ante order.
 The cybercrime law could see Internet users sentenced to up to 12
years in prison for posting defamatory comments on Facebook or
Twitter.
 Online libel was not part of the original bill proposed by the
Department of Justice (DOJ) but was one of the amendments
inserted by the Senate as proposed by Sen. Vicente Sotto III.
 On Oct. 9, 2012, six days after the law took effect, the Supreme
Court issued a four-month injunction while it scrutinized the law for
possible violations of constitutional provisions on freedom of
expression. On Feb. 6 last year, the high court extended the TRO
indefinitely.
 RA 10175 punishes content-related offenses such as cybersex, child
pornography and libel which may be committed through a computer
system. It also penalizes unsolicited commercial communication or
content that advertises or sells products or services.
 But there are exemptions relating to the sending of unsolicited material:
It is not a crime if there is prior consent from the recipient, the
communication is an announcement from the sender to users, and if
there is an easy, reliable way for the recipient to reject it, among others.
 Individuals found guilty of cybersex face a jail term of prision mayor (6
years and one day to 12 years) or a fine of at least P200,000 but not
exceeding P1 million.
 Child pornography via computer carries a penalty one degree higher
than that provided by RA 9775, or the Anti-Child Pornography Act of
2009. Under RA 9775, those who produce, disseminate or publish child
pornography will be fined from P50,000 to P5 million, and slapped a
maximum jail term of reclusion perpetua, or 20 to 40 years.
 Persons found guilty of unsolicited communication face
arresto mayor (imprisonment for 1 month and 1 day to 6
months) or a fine of at least P50,000 but not more than
P250,000, or both.
 The law also penalizes offenses against the confidentiality,
integrity and availability of computer data and system, such
as illegal access, illegal interference, data interference, system
interference, misuse of devices, and cybersquatting.
 It defines cybersquatting as the acquisition of a domain name on the
Internet in bad faith or with the intent to profit, mislead, destroy
one’s reputation or deprive others from registering the same domain
name. Also covered by the law are computer-related forgery, fraud
and identity theft.
 As many as 87 percent of Filipino Internet users were identified as
victims of crimes and malicious activities committed online,
according to a November 2012 primer released by the DOJ, which
quoted a 2010 report of the security software firm Symantec.
 These included being victimized in activities such as
malware (virus and Trojan) invasion, online or phishing
scams and sexual predation.
 From 2003 to 2012, the Anti-Transnational Crime
Division of the Criminal Investigation and Detection
Group of the Philippine National Police looked into 2,778
referred cases of computer crimes from government
agencies and private individuals nationwide.—

 Inquirer Research