SELECTION and USE of

TEACHING
OBJECTIVES:
WHAT PRINCIPLES SHOULD GUIDE US IN THE SELECTION
AND USE OF TEACHING STRATEGIES?
WHAT ARE THE IMPLICATION OF THESE PRINCIPLES TO THE
TEACHING-LEARNING PROCESS?
TYPES OF INTEGRATED TEACHING APPROACH
Intelligence Examples of Classroom Activities
Verbal-Linguistic Discussion, debates, journal writing, conferences,
essays, stories, poems, storytelling, listening activities,
reading
Logical-Mathematical Calculations, experiments, comparison, number games,
using evidence, formulating and testing hypothesis,
deductive and inductive reasoning.
Spatial Concept maps, graphs, charts, art projects,
metaphorical thinking, visualization, videos, slide, visual
presentations
Bodily-Kinesthetic Role-playing, dance, athletic activities, manipulative,
hands-n demonstrations, concept miming
Musical Playing music, singing, rapping, whistling, clapping,
analyzing sounds and music
Interpersonal Community-involvement projects, discussions,
cooperative learning, team games, peer tutoring,
conferences, social activities, sharing
Intrapersonal Student choice, journal writing, self-evaluation,
personal instruction, independent study, discussing
feelings, reflecting
Naturalist Ecological field trips, environmental study, caring for
plants & animals, outdoor work, pattern recognition
Existentialist Reflection, diary/journal entry
 LEARNING STYLES EXAMPLES OF CLASSROOM ACTIVITIES
Mastery Exercise-practice Direct instruction / Drill and repetition /
Demonstrations /
Competitions / Activities that focus on
- Organizing and managing information :
- Practicing a skill -Memorizing
-Observing - Categorizing
-Describing
Interpersonal Experience-personalize Team games / Learning circles / Role playing / Group
investigation / Peer tutoring / Personal sharing
Activities focus on
- describing feelings - Responding
- Empathizing - valuing

Understanding explain-prove Inquiry / concept formation / debate / problem

solving / independent study / essays / logic
problems / activities that focus on: - classifying
- applying
- analyzing - comparing and
contrasting
- using evidence - evaluating

Self – Expressive explore – procedure Divergent thinking / Metaphors / creative art

activities / imagining / open-ended discussion /
imagery / activities that focus on: - hypothesizing
- creating
- synthesizing - expression
- symbolizing - self-expression
 )

3 levels 0f learning
concrete- direct means of processing information.
symbolic- in which the learner develops the capacity to think in abstract terms.
abstract- learn by thinking about an issue in theoretical terms
 BRAIN BASED STRATEGIES
1. Involving students in real-life or authentic problem solving. Sometimes students ask
us when and where they need this and that that they are learning in school.
2. Using projects to increase meaning and motivation. Projects may not necessarily be
based on problems but the example in item number I may be a project.
3. Simulations and role plays as meaning makers. Not all curriculum topics can be
addressed through authentic problem solving and projects.
4. Classroom strategies using visual processing- “ A picture is worth ten thousand
words.” This being the case we make it a point to have visual aids.
5. Songs. Jingles and raps- Content can be more easily learned when they give it a tune
or make it into rhyme through their personally composed songs, jingles and raps.
6. Mnemonic strategies- these mnemonic strategies assist students in recalling
information.
7.Writing strategies- Make students write their own word problems and make them
ask their classmates to solve them.
8. Active review- Instead of the teacher conducting the review, students are given their
turn. Review days are planned and organized to give enough time for students to
prepare for the holding of a review. This technique strengthens synapses.
9. Hands-on activities- Concrete experience is one of the best ways to make long-
lasting neural connections. Aristotle said: “What we have to learn to do, we learn
by doing”.
• An integrated approach is also interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary.
• An instructional approach is also integrated when it includes the acquisition of
knowledge, skills as well as values.
10. There is no such thing as best teaching method. The best method is the one that
works, the one that yields results.
 Factors of teaching methods
1. The instructional objectives
2. The nature of the subjects matter
3. The learners
4. The teachers
5. School policies