READINGS IN PHILIPPINE

HISTORY
AMT 1-7 GROUP 3
module 3: case study 1-4
 DISCUSSION POINTS
✣ History, while based on facts, is also subjected to the judgment of the
historian.
✣ Interpretations of the past vary according to who read the primary
sources.
✣ Interpretations of history could change, depending on the sensibilities of
the ones reading it.
✣ Multiperspectivity recognizes diversity in society, and its appreciation
will open us into accepting that changes in historical interpretation is not
something bad; rather, it could open up new ways of looking at the past.

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 Summary of lesson
✣ Historical interpretation provides for a variety of
ways by which we read and analyze historical
events.
✣ There is more than one way to look at the past, and
these perspectives vary according to many factors.
✣ Historical interpretation must always be based on
critical historical methods.

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Assessment/evaluation
 i. Write the letter of correct answer
✣ 1. Who is the Italian scholar and explorer from the Republic of Venice. He traveled
with the Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan and his crew by order of the King
Charles I of Spain on their voyage around the world.
✣ a. Miguel A. Bernad
✣ b. Antonio Pigafetta
✣ C. Francisco Albo

✣ 2.Who was the Spanish priest who celebrated the first Holy Mass in the Church of
Limasawa, Cebu, Philippines.
✣ a. Miguel A. Bernad
✣ b. Sebastian Elcano
✣ c. Pedro de Valderrama
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 i. Write the letter of correct answer
✣ 3. The date of first ever Christian mass in the Philippines
✣ a. March 31, 1521
✣ b. April 8. 1521
✣ c. March 1, 1521

✣ 4. Who testified that Rizal married Josephine on Dec. 30 at 6 o’clock in the

morning.
✣ a. Father Balaguer
✣ b. Reverend Luiz Viza Marti
✣ c. Father Sanchez

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✣
 i. Write the letter of correct answer

✣ 5. One of the main issues concerning Jose Rizal's retraction

✣ a.Rizal retracted his masonic affiliation.
✣ b.Rizal wrote and signed the retraction.
✣ c. Rizal’s marriage to Josephine.

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II. DIRECTIONS: Identify what is being referred
to in the following statement.
✣ _______________ 1. He is a prolific Spanish historian who documented the event
and
✣ highlighted it as an attempt of the Indios to overthrow the Spanish government in the
✣ Philippines.
✣ _______________ 2. He is the Governor-General of the Philippines when Cavite
Mutiny
✣ transpired.

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II. DIRECTIONS: Identify what is being referred
to in the following statement.
✣ ________________3. He is a Filipino scholar and researcher who wrote the Filipino
version of the bloody incident in Cavite.

✣ ________________4. He is the leader of the 200 men conspired to assassinate the

✣ commanding officer and Spanish officers in the Cavite arsenal.
✣ _______________ 5. They were native clergies associated with the Cavite mutiny
and
✣ were sentenced to death through strangulation.

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II. DIRECTIONS: Identify what is being referred
to in the following statement.
✣ ________________3. He is a Filipino scholar and researcher who wrote the Filipino
version of the bloody incident in Cavite.

✣ ________________4. He is the leader of the 200 men conspired to assassinate the

✣ commanding officer and Spanish officers in the Cavite arsenal.
✣ _______________ 5. They were native clergies associated with the Cavite mutiny
and
✣ were sentenced to death through strangulation.

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 III. WRITE TRUE IF THE STATEMENT IS
TRUE. OTHERWISE, WRITE FALSE
✣ 1. There is only one account of the First Catholic Mass in the Philippines.
✣ 2. There is no doubt that Rizal retracted his writings to be able to marry Josephine
Bracken.
✣ 3. There are different dates and places of the Cry which causes confusion.
✣ 4. The term “Cry” is translated from the Spanish “el grito de rebelion” (Cry of
Rebellion) or “el grito” for short.
✣ 5. Historical interpretation provides for a variety of ways by which we read and
analyze historical events.

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ANSWER KEY TO EVALUATION/ASSESSMENT

✣ I. MULTIPLE CHOICE
✣ 1. B. Antonio Pigafetta
✣ 2. C. Father Pedro de Valderrama
✣ 3. A. March 31, 1521
✣ 4. A. Father Balaguer
✣ 5. A, B, C / any of the 3 letters

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ANSWER KEY TO EVALUATION/ASSESSMENT

✣ II. GIVE THE CORRECT ANSWER

✣ 1. Jose Montero y Vidal
✣ 2. Gov. Gen. Rafael Izquierdo
✣ 3. Dr. Trinidad Hermenigildo Pardo de Tavera
✣ 4. Sergeant Lamadrid
✣ 5. GOMBURZA

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ANSWER KEY TO EVALUATION/ASSESSMENT

✣ III. TRUE OR FALSE

✣ 1. FALSE
✣ 2. FALSE
✣ 3. TRUE
✣ 4. TRUE
✣ 5. TRUE

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 PROCESSING QUESTIONS
1. Why does interpretation vary from one historian to another?
2. Are there benefits to multiperspectivity?
3. How important is it to employ critical tools in interpreting
historical events?
4. How do we recognize different interpretations, and which
one do we choose as more reliable than the other?
5.How do we apply critical methods in other texts e.g. news?
How do we avoid fake news?

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 Answer key
✣ Because their analysis and interpretation depends on a lot of factors such as
background, culture, ability, and other variables
✣ Yes. It shows that an event could be read in a variety of ways and through different
lenses. It is only through multiperspectivity that we realize a more complete picture
of the past.
✣ Very important, because interpretations must always be based on sources that are
subjected to historical methods of inquiry
✣ By looking at the primary source used by a historian, and applying our own criticism
of the source, we may be able to identify the way it was read. The most reliable
reading would indicate that the source went through thorough criticism.
✣ It’s the same way we use criticism in sources. News are texts that are based on facts.
Through criticism, both external and internal, we may be able to know if the fact
being presented to us is fake.
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