Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
Spring 2008
New Mexico Tech
Color Fundamentals
12/26/20 2
Color Fundamentals
12/26/20 3
Color Fundamentals
12/26/20 4
Color Fundamentals
12/26/20 5
12/26/20 6
Color Fundamentals
12/26/20 7
Color Fundamentals
► Tristimulus
Red, green, and blue are denoted X, Y, and Z,
respectively. A color is defined by its trichromatic
coefficients, defined as
X
x
X Y Z
Y
y
X Y Z
Z
z
X Y Z
12/26/20 8
CIE Chromaticity Diagram
It shows color
composition
as a function
of x (red) and
y (green)
12/26/20 9
RGB Color Model
12/26/20 10
RGB Color Model
Pixel depth
12/26/20 11
12/26/20 12
Safe RGB colors (or
safe Web colors) are
reproduced faithfully,
reasonably
independently of
viewer hardware
capabilities
12/26/20 13
12/26/20 14
The CMY and CMYK Color Models
C 1 R
M 1 G
Y 1 B
Equal amounts of the pigment primaries, cyan, magenta, and
yellow should produce black. In practice, combining these
colors for printing produces a muddy-looking black.
12/26/20 16
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CMYK
HIS Color Model
saturation: relative purity or the amount of white light mixed with its hue.
12/26/20 17
HIS Color Model
12/26/20 18
HIS Color Model
12/26/20 19
HIS Color Model
12/26/20 20
Converting Colors from RGB to HSI
if B G
H
360 if B>G
1
1
( R G ) ( R B )
cos 2
1/2
R G ( R B )(G B )
2
12/26/20 21
Converting Colors from RGB to HSI
3
S 1 min( R, G, B)
( R G B)
12/26/20 22
Converting Colors from RGB to HSI
1
I R G B
3
12/26/20 23
Converting Colors from HSI to RGB
B I (1 S )
S cos H
R I 1
cos(60 H )
and
G 3I ( R B )
12/26/20 24
Converting Colors from HSI to RGB
H H 120
R I (1 S )
S cos H
G I 1
cos(60
H )
and
B 3I ( R G )
12/26/20 25
Converting Colors from HSI to RGB
H H 240
G I (1 S )
S cos H
B I 1
cos(60
H )
and
R 3I (G B)
12/26/20 26
12/26/20 27
12/26/20 28
12/26/20 29
Pseudocolor Image Processing
► Intensity Slicing
f ( x, y ) ck if f ( x, y ) Vk
12/26/20 30
12/26/20 31
12/26/20 32
12/26/20 33
12/26/20 34
12/26/20 35
Pseudocolor Image Processing
12/26/20 36
The images are obtained
from an airport X-ray
scanning system.
The left contains ordinary
articles and the right
contains the same articles
as well as a block of
simulated plastic explosives.
12/26/20 37
12/26/20 38
12/26/20 39
12/26/20 40
Pseudocolor by combining
several of the sensor
images from the Galileo
spacecraft, some of which
are in spectral regions not
visible to the eye.
12/26/20 41
Basics of Full-Color Image Processing
12/26/20 42
Basics of Full-Color Image Processing
12/26/20 43
Color Transformations
g ( x, y ) T f ( x, y )
12/26/20 44
12/26/20 45
g ( x, y ) kf ( x, y )
ri otherwise
12/26/20 49
Color slicing
j j 0
2
0.5 if r a R 2
si j 1
r otherwise
i
12/26/20 50
Color slicing
12/26/20 51
Tone and
Color
Corrections
12/26/20 52
12/26/20 53
12/26/20 54
Color Image Smoothing
2 R ( x, y )
2
c ( x, y ) G ( x, y )
2
2 B ( x, y )
12/26/20 59
12/26/20 60
Image
Segmentation
Based on Color:
Segmentation
in HIS Color
Space
12/26/20 61
Segmentation in RGB Vector Space
2 1/2
( z R aR ) ( zG aG ) ( zB aB )
2 2
12/26/20 62
12/26/20 63
Color Edge Detection (1)
12/26/20 64
Color Edge Detection (2)
2 2 2
R G B
g xx u u=
x x x
2 2 2
R G B
g yy vv=
y y y
and
R R G G B B
g xy u v=
x y x y x y
12/26/20 65
Color Edge Detection (3)
12/26/20 66
12/26/20 67
12/26/20 68