The Globalization

of Religion
DUBLA
ESPINO
ESTROLOGO
GERAPUSCO
HALLADO
SIBAG
TABSING
 Learning Outcomes

▧ Explain how globalization affects religious practices

and beliefs
▧ Identify the various religious responses to
globalization; and
▧ Discuss the future of religion in globalization world.

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Religion, much more than
culture, has the most
difficult relationship with
globalism
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 Let’s contrast!
Globalism and Religion

This two are entirely contrasting belief systems.

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Religion Globalism
is concerned with places values on
the sacred. material wealth.

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Religion Globalism
follows divine abides human-
commandments. made law.

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Religious People Globalist
Are less concerned with Aim to seal trade
wealth his/her duty is to
deals and raise the
live virtuous and sin-less
life. profit.

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Religious People Globalist
They aspire to become Trains to be a
saint.
shrewd
businessperson.

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 Finally, religion and globalization clash over the fact that;

Religious Globalist
evangelization is in is largely focused on
itself a form of the realm of market.
globalization.

Therefore, religious is concerned with spreading holy ideas globally, while

globalist wishes to spread goods and services.

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▧ Religions regard identities associated with
globalism (citizenship, language and categories) as
inferior and narrow because they are earthly
categories.
▧ In contrast, membership to a religious group,
organization, or cult represent superior affiliation
that connects human directly to the divine and the
supernatural.
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Why Certain groups “flee” to their communities?

▧ Some create impenetrable sanctuaries where they

can practice their religion without meddling and
control of state authorities, like Tibet.

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Tibet and certain
Buddhist monasteries
are located away from
civilization so that DALAI LAMA
hermits can devote  is the spiritual
themselves to prayer leader of Tibetan
Buddhism Tibet, the remote
and contemplation.
and mainly-
Buddhist territory
known as the "roof
of the world“.

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 Communities justify their opposition
to government authority on religious
grounds.

Monks and Priestesses led the first

revolts against colonialism in Asia and
Africa.

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 Group of Believers

Rizalistas
Judea (now Mormons
of Mount Israel) of Utah
Banahaw

These group believe that living among “non-believers” will distract them from their
mission or tempt them to abandon their faith or become sinners like everyone.
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Realities The Relationship
between religion and
globalism is much more
complicated.

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 Peter Berge
argues that far
from being
secularized the,
Contemporary World
is… furiously
religious.

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 The Major Religious Traditions

Christianity Judaism Islam

Hinduism Buddhism Confusianis

m
Religions are the foundation of Modern
Republics
Malaysian Government places religion at the center of the
political system.

It’s constitution explicitly states that “Islam is the religion of

Federation”.

The rulers of each state was also the “Head of the religion
Islam.”

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 Ayatollah Ruholla
Khomeine
The Late Iranian Religious Leader
that led the Iranian revolution that
turn the country into a theocracy.

He also pointed
that, “There is no
fundamental
He bragged distinction among
about the constitutional,
superiority of despotic,
Islamic rule over dictatorial,
its counterparts democratic and
communistic
regimes.”

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 Religious Movements do not hesitate to appropriate secular
themes and practices and in other cases religion was the
result of a shift in state policy.
In Indonesia has Islamic school
EXAMPLEOF THIS ARE: where students are taught not
only about Islam but also about
modern science, the social
The Moderate Muslim Association science, modern banking, civic
education, right of a woman,
pluralism and democracy.

Nahdlatul Ulama
(Revival of the Religious Scholars)
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 The Church of England
“ Shaped by the rationality of modern democratic (and
bureacratic) culture.”
King Henry VIII broke away from Roman
Catholicism and Established his own Church to
Bolster his Power.

Therefore, The Nahdlatul Ulama and The Church of England are the
examples of religious movements who do not focus on religious
activities but also to the modern democratic and bureaucratic
culture. King Henry VIII is one of the person who also focuses on
Power and not for the religion.
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In the United States, religion and Law were fused together to help build this
“Modern Secular Society” and until today it remain the case that the power
of Christian right has on the Republic Party.

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Religion for and
Against
Globalization
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 “Christianity and Islam” – are the so called “Old Religion” that
see globalization less as an obstacle and more as opportunity to
expand their reach all over the world.

Religion seek to take place of these broken “Tradition ties” to

either help communities cope with their new situation or
organize them to oppose this major transformation of their lives.

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Religious fundamentalism may dislike globalization’s materialism, but
continues to use.

The proliferation of “Born-Again” groups, or in the case of Islam, the rise

movement like Daesh (more popularly known as ISIS, or Islamic State in Iraq
and Syria) signals religion’s defense against the materialism of globalization.

It is, in fact, the opposite. These fundamentalist organizations are the

result of the spread of globalization and both find ways to benefit or
take advantage of each other.

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While religions may benefit from the process of globalization, this does not
mean that its tension the globalist ideology will subside.
These are the different religious group views:

Muslims view “Globalization” as a Trojan horse

hiding supporters of western values like secularism or
liberalism.

The World Council of Churches vowed that, “We as

churches make ourselves accountable to the victims of
the project economic globalizations negative effects.”

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 The Catholic Churches and its dynamic leader,
Pope Francis, likewise condemned globalization
“throw-away culture” that is “fatally destined to
suffocate hope and increase risk threats.”

Those advocacies are to reverse or mitigate economic globalization

eventually gained the attention of globalist institution. That’s why World
Bank brought in religious leader in its discussion about global poverty
however, it had an insignificant result. But the World Bank still support
some faith-based anti poverty projects in Kenya and Ethiopia.

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Conclusion
 “Religion, it seems, is
somehow ‘outside’
looking at
globalization as
problem or potential.

Peter Bayer and Lori Beaman Observed,

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Religion, being a belief system cannot be empirically proven is,
therefore, anathema to modernization.

Secularization Theory it is the thesis that modernization will erode

religious practice.
 The strongest
defender of
Globalization

Samuel Huntington

Admit in his book, The Clash

of Civilizations,
That civilization can be
held together by
religious worldviews.

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Jesuit and Dominicans used religion as an “ideological armature” to
legitimize the Spanish Empire.

Max Weber
The greatest sociologists
He observed the correlation between religion and capitalism as an
economic system.

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Calvinism, is a branch of Protestantism, believed that God had
already decided who would and would not be saved.

Calvinist, therefore, made it mission to search for clues as to their

fate, and in their pursuit, they redefined the meaning of profit and
acquisition.

This “inner-worldly asceticism” – as Weber referred to this

protestant ethic – contributed to the rise of modern capitalism.

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When Spaniards occupied lands in Americas and the Philippines,
it was done in the name of the Spanish King and of God, “for
empire comes from God alone.”

Then over 300 years later, American Presiden William McKinley

claimed “that after the night of prayer and soul searching, he had
concluded that it was the duty of United States ‘to educate the
Filipinos, and uplift, civilize and Christianize them’

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FINALLY!!!

Religious leaders have used religion to wield influence

in political arena, either outsiders criticizing the pitfalls
of pro-globalization regimes, or as integral members of
coalitions who play key roles in policy decision making
and implementation of government projects.

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 Religion vs. Globalism

▧ Religions are actually ▧ Globalist, therefore,

malleable. have no choice but to
▧ Their resilience has been accept this reality that
extraordinary that they religion is here to stay.
have outlasted secular
ideologies.
▧ For example,
communism.

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 Summary of The Report

▧ Globalization affects religion by diminishing the

barriers between different
cultures, globalization lands religion in a quagmire
of conflicts which reinforce social identities as
some do not accept the new realities and turn
to religion to rediscover their own
identity. Religion provides a sense of belongingness
to a group in the world.
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 Summary of The Report

▧ Religion is thus not the “regressive force” that

gives communities a new and powerful basis; it is a
“pro-active force” that gives communities a new
and powerful basis of identity.
▧ The future of Religion is that “Globalist have no
choice but to accept the reality that religion is
here to stay.”

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 References

▧ Claudio, L. &. (2018). The Globalization of

Religion. In L. &. Claudio, The Contemporary
World (pp. 62-70). C&E Publishing, Inc.

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