SEMINAR ON

Presented By :
Dusmant Sahu
M C A 4th Semester
Regd. No. 0805227032
 CONTENT
 INTRODUCTION

What is a satellite phone ?

 Geostationary Orbit

 LEO Orbit

 SATELITE PHONE SERVICES

 Global star System

How do satellite phones work? 

Advantage

Disadvantage

 Conclusion
 INTRODUCTION

Probably the largest area of satellite usage is the telephone market.

Satellite phones have become
an essential part of communicating for businesses professionals,
and even individuals. Sure cell
coverage is found in most developed areas but
not in more remote areas or undeveloped areas
such as third world countries. That’s where satellite phones are
needed. In fact you can communicate around the world with a
Global satellite phone.
WHAT IS A SATELLITE PHONE ?
A satellite telephone, satellite phone, or satphone is a
mobile phone that communicates directly with orbiting
communications satellites and the coverage area may
include the entire earth.

Satellite telephones are utilized in circumstances where

there is no access to a telephone or cellular network.

The Satellite phones either make use of satellites in

geostationary orbit or they make use of satellites in low
earth orbit.
MAIN TOPIC
GEOSTATIONARY ORBIT
A geostationary orbit (GEO) is an
geosynchronous orbit directly above the Earth's
equator (0º latitude). Satellite orbits in the direction
of the Earth's rotation, at an altitude of
approximately 35,786 km above ground. This
altitude is significant because it produces an orbital
period equal to the Earth's period of rotation
LOW EARTH ORBIT

A low Earth orbit (LEO) is generally defined as

an orbit within the locus extending from the
Earth’s surface up to an altitude of 2,000 km.
SATELITE PHONE SERVICES

•GEOSTATIONARY SERVICES

•LEO SERVICES
GEOSTATIONARY SERVICES
These satellite phones use satellites in the
geostationary orbits. They can maintain near-
continuous global coverage with only three or four satellites,
reducing the launch costs.

DISADVANTAGE

 The satellite is so far away (approx. 22,000 miles) that a

comparatively large antenna system is required for signal
transmission and reception.

EXAMPLES
 Inmarsat satellite system
INMARSAT SATELLITE PHONE SYSTEM

Inmarsat plc is an international

telecommunications company
founded in 1979, originally as an
intergovernmental organization.

It operates a fleet of 11

geosynchronous communication
satellite.

Inmarsat provides telephony and

data services to users world-wide

MAIN TOPIC
SERVICE PROVIDED
Services include traditional voice calls , high-
speed data services and facility like GPRS is
also provided at the rate of 492 kbps.
The voice calls rate are the same wherever in
the world service is used.
• LEO SERVICES
LEO satellites orbit the earth at high
speed, low altitude orbits with an orbital
time of 70–90 minutes, an altitude of
640 to 1120 kilometres and provide
coverage cells.

EXAMPLE
Iridium satellite phone system
Globalstar satellite phone system
Iridium satellite Phone System
This system originally had 77 active
satellites and hence it is
called IRIDIUM which is the name of an
element whose atomic number is 77.

Now it has a fleet of 66 active

satellites.

This service was launched in

nov1,1998. But it could not
survive because of the high cost of
calls and large size of the hand sets.
Global system
Globalstar satellite phone
service is delivered through
48 Low-Earth-Orbiting
satellites providing both
voice and data services.

The Globalstar LEO

constellation is only 700
miles from earth which
allows for the highest quality
voice clarity of any satellite
phone in the industry.
MAIN TOPIC
Globalstar satellite phone System

When a call gets initiated it is picked up by 4

satellites which combine the signals into one
signal. This combined signal is then
transmitted to one of several terrestrial
"gateways." The gateways are the ground
stations who direct the signal to the call
destination.
WORKING PROCESS OF A GLOBAL SATELITE PHONE
 ADVANTAGES
Since the call is being picked up by 4
satellites the probability of call blocking is
greatly reduced.
no interruption.
HOW DO SATELLITE PHONES WORK? 
Just like cellular phones, satellite phones use radio
waves to send their signal.  Because satellite phones
use satellite signals, the antenna is a little larger, and
they must be used in an area where there is
unobstructed sky. 
ADVANTAGES OF SATELITE PHONE
Use in disaster response

Reliability

Easier to use (similar to using a mobile phone)

 No installation required

Easy for other people to call you

DISADVANTAGES
A disadvantage of a satellite phone is a noticeable
delay in conversations. The signal must first travel to the
satellite, then to an earthbound gateway before being
routed to the receiver. The receiver's response will
follow the same path in reverse, taking equally long to
reach the caller.

Satellite phones are also more expensive than cellular

phones.
The call path of the satellite phones is disaster free.

Provides global coverage.

But still satellite phones are not as popular as the

cellular phones probably because of the high cost of
the calls. It is very famous in European countries but
it has not become popular in the Asian countries.

Research is going on in order to decrease call cost

so that satellite phone becomes a common man’s
phone