Module 3b

Baghouse Filters
&
Scrubbers
MCEN 4131/5131

What are we doing in class

today?
• How was working on the project in class?
• Davis readings
• Exam next week - closed book and notes

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MCEN 4131/5131
Review

Module 3a Educational
Objectives
• Estimating cyclone collection efficiency (equation 4.7, 4.8
p. 129-130)
• 50% cut diameter dpc (equation 4.6 p. 129)
• Designing a cyclone from start to finish (Example 4.5 p.
138-139)
• Estimating ESP collection efficiency using Deutsch
equation (equation 5.7 p. 152)
• Plate size and number, duct number, section number
• Designing an ESP from start to finish (p. 160-161)

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MCEN 4131/5131
Learning
Objectives
for Today Module 3b Educational
Objectives
• Filtration mechanisms
• What is the filter drag model for (p. 181)
• Types of baghouses - Shaker, reverse air pulse jet (P. 184,
194)
• Number of compartments (p.186)
• Designing a baghouse accounting for superficial velocity,
area per bag, cleaning methods
• How scrubbers work (p. 209)
• Venturi scrubbers (p. 212)
• Designing a scrubber

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MCEN 4131/5131
Learning
Objectives Filtration Mechanisms
Filtration mechanisms
Filter drag model
• Diffusion
Types of baghouses
Number of compartments
Baghouse design
How scrubbers work Q: How does efficiency change with
Venturi scrubber
Scrubber design respect to dp?
a. Efficiency goes up as dp decreases
b. Efficiency goes down as dp decreases

5
MCEN 4131/5131
Learning
Objectives Filtration Mechanisms
Filtration mechanisms
Filter drag model
• Impaction
Types of baghouses
Number of compartments
Baghouse design
How scrubbers work
Q: How does efficiency change
Venturi scrubber
Scrubber design with respect to dp?
a. Efficiency goes up as dp decreases
b. Efficiency goes down as dp decreases

6
MCEN 4131/5131
Learning
Objectives Filtration Mechanisms
Filtration mechanisms
Filter drag model
• Interception
Types of baghouses
Number of compartments
Baghouse design
How scrubbers work
Venturi scrubber
Scrubber design

Fat Man’s Misery, 7

Mammoth Cave NP
MCEN 4131/5131
Learning
Objectives
Filtration mechanisms
Filter drag model
Types of baghouses
Number of compartments
Baghouse design
How scrubbers work
Venturi scrubber
Scrubber design

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MCEN 4131/5131
Learning
Objectives FILTRATION
Filtration mechanisms
Filter drag model Q: Do filters function just as a strainer,
Types of baghouses
Number of compartments
Baghouse design
collecting particles larger than the strainer spacing?
How scrubbers work
Venturi scrubber
a: yes
Scrubber design
b: no

Fiber filter

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MCEN 4131/5131
Learning
Objectives Filter Drag Model
ΔP = ΔPf + ΔPp (+ ΔPs )
Filtration mechanisms
Filter drag model
Types of baghouses
Number of compartments
Ks
= K1V + K 2 (LVt )
V
Baghouse design
How scrubbers work
Venturi scrubber
Scrubber design

Areal Dust Density W = LVt Ke

Filter drag
ΔP
S= ⇒ S = K1e + K 2sW P, Pa
V Time
(min)
Ke & Ks to be determined empirically 0 150
Pf: fabric pressure drop 5 380
Pf: particle layer pressure drop 10 505
20 610
Ps: structure pressure drop 30 690
Q: What is the pressure drop after 100 minutes of operation?
60 990 10
L = 5 g/m3 and V = 0.9 m/min.
MCEN 4131/5131
Learning
Objectives
Filtration mechanisms
Filter drag model
Types of baghouses
Types of Baghouses
Number of compartments
Baghouse design
How scrubbers work
Venturi scrubber
Scrubber design • The three common types of
baghouses based on cleaning
methods
• Clicker question: In which type
is the dusty air flow blocked
from the compartment to be
cleaned, and the bags are then
shaken to knock off the dust?
a. Reverse-air
b. Shaker
c. Pulse-jet
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MCEN 4131/5131
Learning
Objectives
Filtration mechanisms
Filter drag model
Types of baghouses
Note about pulse-jets
Number of compartments
Baghouse design
How scrubbers work
Venturi scrubber
Scrubber design • blast of compressed clean air
flows briefly into the bags, while
they are still filtering dusty air,
knocking off some dust
• bottom of the bag is closed and
filtration can occur on this
surface - need to account for in
area calculations

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MCEN 4131/5131
Learning
Objectives Number of Compartments
Filtration mechanisms
Filter drag model
Types of baghouses
Q: What is one of the parameters that affect our
Number of compartments
Baghouse design decision on the number of compartments to be
How scrubbers work
Venturi scrubber
Scrubber design
used?
a. fabric type
b. time required to clean a compartment
c. temperature and RH

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MCEN 4131/5131
Learning
Objectives
Filtration mechanisms
Filter drag model
Types of baghouses
Number of compartments
Baghouse design
How scrubbers work
Venturi scrubber
Scrubber design

Parallel
Flow
Operation

How do you determine when to clean? 14

MCEN 4131/5131
Learning
Objectives
Filtration mechanisms
Design procedure for
baghouses
Filter drag model
Types of baghouses
Number of compartments
Baghouse design
How scrubbers work
Venturi scrubber
Scrubber design
• Identify filter velocity (V) for dust that your are
trying to treat (table 6.1)
• Estimate net cloth area A = Q/V
– Remember to add area at bottom of filter if you are
using pulse-jet
• Estimate number of compartments using table 6.3
– Not needed for pulse-jet
• May need to develop filter-drag model to
understand relationship between pressure drop
P, filtering velocity V
– For estimating how long you can run

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MCEN 4131/5131
Learning
Objectives
Filtration mechanisms
Filter drag model
Types of baghouses
Its Raining in Boulder
Number of compartments
Baghouse design
How scrubbers work
Venturi scrubber
Scrubber design • Liken particle scrubbers to a good
rain storm
• Some particles in air are removed
because they are collected on or in
raindrops and deposited on ground

16
MCEN 4131/5131
Learning
Objectives
Filtration mechanisms
Filter drag model
Types of baghouses
Its Raining in Boulder
Number of compartments
Baghouse design
How scrubbers work
Venturi scrubber
Scrubber design • Liken particle scrubbers to a good
rain storm
• Some particles in air are removed
because they are collected on or in
raindrops and deposited on ground

17
MCEN 4131/5131
Learning
Objectives
Filtration mechanisms
Filter drag model
Types of baghouses
Its Raining in Boulder
Number of compartments
Baghouse design
How scrubbers work
Venturi scrubber
Scrubber design • Liken particle scrubbers to a good
rain storm
• Some particles in air are removed
because they are collected on or in
raindrops and deposited on ground

18
MCEN 4131/5131
Learning
Objectives
Filtration mechanisms
Filter drag model
Types of baghouses
Its Raining in Boulder
Number of compartments
Baghouse design
How scrubbers work
Venturi scrubber
Scrubber design • Liken particle scrubbers to a good
rain storm
• Some particles in air are removed
because they are collected on or in
raindrops and deposited on ground

19
MCEN 4131/5131
Learning
Objectives
Filtration mechanisms
Filter drag model
Types of baghouses
Question
Number of compartments
Baghouse design
How scrubbers work
Venturi scrubber
Scrubber design
• The efficiency of a wet scrubber can be
simply related to the energy expended in
producing the actual gas-liquid contact.
The (more/less) energy that is expended,
the more turbulent the contacting process
and the (higher/lower) the efficiency
a. More, higher
b. more, lower
c. less, higher
d. less, lower

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MCEN 4131/5131
Learning
Objectives
Filtration mechanisms
Filter drag model
Types of baghouses
Venturi Scrubbers
Number of compartments
Baghouse design
How scrubbers work
Venturi scrubber
Scrubber design • Q: venturi scrubbers require which
of the following to work
efficiently?
a. elevated temperatures within the
scrubber
b. High velocities at the point of initial
gas-liquid contact
c. Very small (what’s very small?)
droplet sizes within scrubber
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MCEN 4131/5131
Learning
Objectives
Filtration mechanisms
Design procedure for
Scrubbers
Filter drag model
Types of baghouses
Number of compartments
Baghouse design
How scrubbers work
Venturi scrubber
Scrubber design
• Identify type of scrubber
– Counter current
– Cross flow
– Venturi
• Calculate Kp, impaction parameter
• Calculate single droplet target efficiency,
d
• Calculate Penetration, Ptd
• Collection efficiency is 1 - Ptd

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MCEN 4131/5131

Baghouse
Filters
• Particulate control by
impaction, interception, diffusion on
fabric & dust layer

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MCEN 4131/5131

Advantages/Disadvantages
• Very high collection efficiencies
• Pressure drop reasonably low (at beginning of
operation, must be cleaned periodically to
reduce)
• Can’t handle high T flows or moist environments

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MCEN 4131/5131

Wet Particle Scrubbers

• Particulate control by impaction,
interception with water droplets
• Can clean both gas and particle
phases
• High operating costs, high
corrosion potential

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MCEN 4131/5131

Other Technologies
• High-temp ceramic filter
• Operates at T > 500 F (limit for
baghouses)

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