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Detonation Spraying
Detonation Spraying (DS) is one of explosive technologies and can be attributed to
Explosive Working of Materials. It is based on gas detonation phenomenon. DS is used
for deposition of powder coatings (metal, ceramic, composite and etc.) onto different
substrates, mainly on metallic surfaces.
At first DS was employed in 1950s in USA [1, 2], and later on in 1960s in USSR [3].
Comprehensive review of technological application of gas detonation is done in [4]. DS
is particularly effective in deposition of WC-based hard alloy coatings [5]
1) R. M. Poorman, H. B. Sargent, and H. Lamprey. Method and Apparatus Utilizing Detonation Waves for Spraying and
other Purposes. US Patent No. 2714563, Aug. 2, 1955.
2) John F. Pelton. Flame Plating Using Detonation Reactants. US Patent No. 2972550, May 28, 1958.
3) Bartenev S.S., Fedko Yu.P., Grigorov A.I. Detonation Coatings in Machinery Building. – Leningrad: Mashinostroenie,
Leningrad section, 1982.
4) Yu.A. Nikolaev, A.A. Vasiliev, V.Yu. Ulianitsky. Gas Detonation and its Application in Engineering and Technologies
(Review) // Combustion, Explosion, and Shock Waves. 2003, vol 39, No. 4. P. 382-410.
5) S.B. Zlobin, V.Yu. Ulianitsky, A.A. Shtertser. Comparative Analysis of Nanostructured and Microstructured Cermet
Detonation Coatings // Uprochnayushie Technologii I Pokrytia. 2009, No. 3. P. 3-11.
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Detonation Spraying
Investigation of spraying process and development of DS equipment was
carried out in a number of organizations all over the world including
Lavrentyev Institute of Hydrodynamics SB RAS (LIH SB RAS). In recent
years the new technology and equipment for detonation spraying was
developed in LIH SB RAS - Computer Controlled Detonation Spraying
(CCDS). In CCDS transverse injection of powder into the barrel is made
using a powder feeder fixed on the said barrel. The System can work with
any detonating gaseous mixture, but acetylene (or MAPP) + oxygen mixture
is preferable for spraying of refractory composites such as WC/Co. CCDS
permits to vary spraying parameters in a wide diapason, and to deposit
coatings from refractory alloys, high-temperature ceramic, and fusible
metals onto different substrates including plastic.
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CCDS Gun
CCDS in operation
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Particle temperature, K
P osition, mm P osition, mm
Example of calculation for WC/Co (88/12 wt%) particles: The data on acceleration and heating
of the particles is displayed on computer monitor in the form of diagram. On pictures calculation
results are presented for WC/Co (88/12 wt%) particles sprayed using 50% explosive charge.
Particles can be heated up to melting point and accelerated up to 500 m/s.
*Gavrilenko T.P., Nikolaev Yu.A., Ulianitsky V.Yu., Kim, M.Ch., Hong J.W.,
Computational
Code for Detonation Spraying Process, Proc. of the 15th Intern. Thermal Spray Conf.,
25-29 May, 1998. – Nice, France. – 1998, p. 1475-1483.
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temperature
Co binder melting
(heat-proofing coating)
Catalytic system for neutralization of Catalyst supporter for conversion reactor transforming
automobile exhaust liquid fuel into synthesis gas (H2+CO)
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Applications of DS
(wear resistant coatings)
CONCLUSION
CCDS provides wide opportunities for deposition of metal, ceramic and
composite coatings on components of machines and mechanisms