Subjective Type Test

Republic of the Philippines
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
REGION I
SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE I PANGASINAN
CALASIAO COMPREHENSIVE NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Calasiao, Pangasinan 2418
OUTLINE
 Introduction
 Defining a Test
 Purpose of Testing
 Different Types of Test
 Steps in Test Construction
 Designing a Table of Specifications
English and Filipino Departments’ LAC Session on Test Preparation and Administration
Building 2 Room 2 ● November 23, 2017
Arnel O. Rivera, Test Construction: The Art of Effective Evaluation
http://www.slideshare.net/ArnelSSI
Our students were
trained
to memorize information.
After they have
memorized
facts, then what?

Defining a Test
“A test is defined as a series of questions,
problems, or physical responses designed
to determine knowledge, intelligence, or
ability”
- http://www.thefreedictionary.com/test
“A test is a sample of behavior, products,

answers or performances from a particular
domain.”
- Carrington, 1994
Defining a Test
“A test is a systematic method of eliciting
performance which is intended to be the
basis for some sort of decision making.”
- Hughes, 1989
“A test will predict performance levels, and

the learner will somehow reconstruct its
parts in meaningful situations when
necessary.”
- McCann, 2000
Defining a Test
A teacher-made test is the major basis in

evaluating the progress or performance
of the students in the classroom.
Therefore, as teachers, let us provide our
students with the best evaluation.
The evaluation of pupils’ progress is
a major aspect of
the teacher’s job.“
Evaluating Educational Outcome (Oriondo & Antonio)

Purpose of Testing
 To provide a learning experience for
students and record for assigning grades
 To motivate students to learn and serve as a
guide for further study
 To assess how well students are achieving
the stated goals of the lesson
 To provide teachers with an opportunity to
reinforce the objectives and highlight what is
important for students to remember
Common observation of students on
test questions
Hindi kasama sa lessons.

Masyadong mahaba ang question at mga
pagpipilian.
Hindi maayos ang layout ng test, putol-putol
ang mga sentence.
Nakakalito ang mga tanong. Minsan wala sa
pagpipiliaan ang sagot.
Possible reasons for faulty test
questions
 Questions are copied verbatim from the book

or other resources
 Not consulting the course outline
 Much consideration is given to reduce printing
cost
 No TOS or TOS was made after making the
test
Essay Type
of Test
What is an essay question?
AN ESSAY QUESTION IS "…A TEST ITEM
WHICH REQUIRES A RESPONSE COMPOSED
BY THE EXAMINEE, USUALLY IN THE
FORM OF ONE OR MORE SENTENCES, OF A
NATURE THAT NO SINGLE RESPONSE OR
PATTERN OF RESPONSES CAN BE LISTED
AS CORRECT, AND THE ACCURACY AND
QUALITY OF WHICH CAN BE JUDGED
SUBJECTIVELY ONLY BY ONE SKILLED OR
INFORMED IN THE SUBJECT."
Stalnaker (1951, p.495)
Two Major Purposes of an Essay
 TO ASSESS STUDENTS' UNDERSTANDING OF SUBJECT-MATTER

CONTENT
 TO ASSESS STUDENTS' WRITING ABILITIES.

BASED ON STALNAKER'S DEFINITION, AN ESSAY QUESTION
SHOULD MEET THE FOLLOWING CRITERIA:
1.REQUIRES EXAMINEES TO COMPOSE RATHER THAN

SELECT THEIR RESPONSE.
2.ELICITS STUDENT RESPONSES THAT MUST CONSIST OF
ONE OR MORE SENTENCES.
3.NO SINGLE RESPONSE OR SINGLE RESPONSE PATTERN
IS CORRECT.
4.THE ACCURACY AND QUALITY OF STUDENTS’
RESPONSES TO ESSAYS MUST BE JUDGED SUBJECTIVELY
BY A COMPETENT SPECIALIST IN THE SUBJECT.
Types of Essay Items
Advantages and Disadvantages of an
Essay Test
Source:
Clay, Ben (2001). Is This a Trick Question? A Short Guide to Writing Effective Test Questions
Standard Phrases for Writing Essay
Test Items
a. Decision (for or against). Example – In which in your
opinion, can you do better, an oral or a written
examination? Why?
b. Cause or Effect. Example – Why is the application of
salitre in curring food is prohibited?
c. Explanation of the use of exact meaning of some
phrases or statement in a passage. Example – What
does this statement mean “Evaluation is not an end in
itself but a means to an end”.
Test Items
d. Summary of some unit of the test or some articles read. Example –
Summarize in two paragraphs the advantages and disadvantage of
essay test.
e. Analysis. (The word itself is seldom used in the question). Example

– What are the characteristics of Muslims, which make you
understand why Christians do not make friends with them?
f. Statement of relationship. Example – Why is the study of genetics

helpful in studying plan breeding?
Test Items
g. Illustrations and examples of principles in Science construction in
language, etc. Example – From your own experience give three
examples of the use of homemaking in your daily life.
h. Classification . Example – To what class does eggplant belong?

What are other plants having the same classification with eggplant?
i. Application of the rules or principles in new situations. Example –

Why should evaluation be used judiciously?
Test Items
j. Discussion. Example – Explain briefly the four types of validity.
k. Statement of aim. Example – State the principles involved in the

canning of fish.
l. Criticism. As to the adequacy, correctness, or relevance of a pointed

statement or student’s answer to a question on the lesson. Example –
What is wrong with the statement “Practice makes perfect”.
Test Items
m. Outline. Example – Outline the rules in constructing matching type
test.
n. Reorganization of facts. (a good example of review-question to give

training in organization). Example – Discuss the theory-and-practice
scheme approach based upon the book, class discussion, outside
reading and actual practice.
o. Formulation of new questions, problems and questions raised.

Example – What else must be known in order to understand the
matter under consideration?
p. New method or procedure. Example – Formulate a plan for

improving the income-generating project of the school.
Suggestions for writing essay
test items
Prepare essay items that elicit the type of behavior you
want to measure.
Learning Objective: The student will be able to explain how

the normal curve serves as a statistical model.
Undesirable: Describe a normal curve in terms of:

symmetry, modality, kurtosis and skewness.
Desirable: Briefly explain how the normal curve serves as a
statistical model for estimation and hypothesis testing.
Source:
http://citl.illinois.edu/teaching-resources/evaluating-student-performance/writing-good-test-questions/essay-
test-items
test items
Phrase each item so that the student's task is clearly
indicated.
Undesirable: Discuss the economic factors which led

to the stock market crash of 1929.
Desirable: Identify the three major economic

conditions which led to the stock market crash of
1929. Discuss briefly each condition in correct
chronological sequence and in one paragraph
indicate how the three factors were interrelated.
Source:
test-items
test items
Indicate for each item a point value or weight and an
estimated time limit for answering.
Undesirable: Compare the writings of Bret Harte and Mark

Twain in terms of settings, depth of characterization, and
dialogue styles of their main characters.
Desirable: Compare the writings of Bret Harte and Mark

Twain in terms of settings, depth of characterization, and
dialogue styles of their main characters. (10 points 20
minutes)
Source:
test-items
test items
Ask questions that will elicit responses on which experts
could agree that one answer is better than another.

Avoid giving the student a choice among optional items, as
this greatly reduces the reliability of the test.

It is generally recommended for classroom examinations
to administer several short-answer items rather than only
one or two extended-response items. Doing this prevents
a student's grade being based on his or her performance
on only one item.
Source:
test-items
Proposed Criteria in
Grading Essay Test
 Ideas (20%)
 Weight of Evidence Presented (40%)
 Correct Usage (20%)
 Logical Conclusions drawn from the
evidence (20%)
“What makes a test good or bad?
The most basic and obvious answer to that

question is that good tests measure what
you want to measure, and bad tests do not.”
Ben Clay (2001)

Kansas Curriculum Center
A good lesson makes a good question
A good question makes a good content
A good content makes a good test
A good test makes a good grade
A good grade makes a good student
A good student makes a good community
Jesus Ochave Ph.D.

VP Research Planning & Development
Philippine Normal University
Table of Specifications
OOPS… DINISCUSS BA
ITO?
“SOMETIMES, WE OVERLOOKED THE BEAUTY AROUND US
FOR THE REASON THAT WE ARE SO BUNDLED UP IN LIFE.
WHAT WE NEED THEN IS TO KEEP UNDER LOCK AND KEY
TO WHIFF THE ROSES AS WELL.”
- HARHAR 
A good lesson makes a good question
A good question makes a good content
A good content makes a good test
A good test makes a good grade
A good grade makes a good student
A good student makes a good community
Jesus Ochave Ph.D.

VP Research Planning & Development
Philippine Normal University
Thank you
and
God bless!
HERNANDO C. ABALOS, JR.
Senior High School Faculty (STEM)
Calasiao Comprehensive National High School

Subjective Type Test

Загружено:

Сведения о документе

Авторское право

Доступные форматы

Поделиться этим документом

Поделиться или встроить документ

Параметры публикации

Этот документ был вам полезен?

Это неприемлемый материал?

Авторское право:

Доступные форматы

Subjective Type Test

Загружено:

Авторское право:

Доступные форматы

Republic of the Philippines

facts, then what?

“A test is a sample of behavior, products,

“A test will predict performance levels, and

A teacher-made test is the major basis in

Arnel O. Rivera, Test Construction: The Art of Effective Evaluation

Hindi kasama sa lessons.

 Questions are copied verbatim from the book

 TO ASSESS STUDENTS' UNDERSTANDING OF SUBJECT-MATTER

 TO ASSESS STUDENTS' WRITING ABILITIES.

1.REQUIRES EXAMINEES TO COMPOSE RATHER THAN

e. Analysis. (The word itself is seldom used in the question). Example

f. Statement of relationship. Example – Why is the study of genetics

h. Classification . Example – To what class does eggplant belong?

i. Application of the rules or principles in new situations. Example –

j. Discussion. Example – Explain briefly the four types of validity.

k. Statement of aim. Example – State the principles involved in the

l. Criticism. As to the adequacy, correctness, or relevance of a pointed

n. Reorganization of facts. (a good example of review-question to give

o. Formulation of new questions, problems and questions raised.

p. New method or procedure. Example – Formulate a plan for

Learning Objective: The student will be able to explain how

Undesirable: Describe a normal curve in terms of:

Undesirable: Discuss the economic factors which led

Desirable: Identify the three major economic

Undesirable: Compare the writings of Bret Harte and Mark

Desirable: Compare the writings of Bret Harte and Mark

The most basic and obvious answer to that

Ben Clay (2001)

Jesus Ochave Ph.D.

Jesus Ochave Ph.D.

Вам также может понравиться