Education in Pakistan

Credit Hours : 03

Hazrat Bilal

Department of EDUCATION 1
Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar
 WEEK 5

Department of EDUCATION 2
Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar
National Education Policy of
Pakistan 1970

Department of EDUCATION 3
Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar
 EDUCATION POLICY

• Education policy is the principles and the collection of laws

that govern the operation of education systems.
• It occurs in many forms for many purposes through many
institutions.
• professional education, adult education and job training.
• Therefore, education policy can directly affect the education
people engage in at all ages.

Department of EDUCATION 4
Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar
 GOALS OF EDUCATION
POLICY 
• 1. Improve the academic success of all students by strengthening
standards-based reforms, including assessments and accountability
measures.
• 2. Establish and maintain a statewide education finance system based
upon principles of adequacy, equity, accountability and predictability.
• 3. Build effective educational capacity to support learning by all
students, with special emphasis on the need to ensure a qualified
teacher in every classroom at all times 

Department of EDUCATION 5
Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar
 GOALS OF EDUCATION
POLICY 
• 4. Ensure that all every school shall have school leaders who will
promote and support high achievement for all students through
effective instructional leadership, school management and governance.
• 5. Enact state policies that shall ensure that every young child in the
state shall have access to high-quality early education programs
including pre-school and full-day kindergarten.
• 6. Ensure that all citizens of all ages shall have practical financial and
physical access to a rich range of post- secondary educational
opportunities.

Department of EDUCATION 6
Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar
NATIONAL EDUCATION POLICY 1970
INTRODUCTION

Department of EDUCATION 7
Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar
  INTRODUCTION 
•  The President (Agha Muhammad Yahya Khan) announced that
Government would lay greater emphasis on the social sectors and
would attach high priority to the educational problem.
• A set of proposals of a new education policy were formulated.
• In the light of public comments, the original proposals were
reviewed.
• The Cabinet considered the revised proposals and appointed a
committee to examine them in detail.

Department of EDUCATION 8
Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar
  INTRODUCTION 
• The revised proposals were reviewed by the committee of the
Cabinet in the light of implications of the announcement by
the President in his address to the nation on November 28,
1969.
• The new Education Policy was finally adopted by the Cabinet
on March 26, 1970.
• This is also called “ Noor Khan Report” (Air Marshal Malik
Nur Khan)

Department of EDUCATION 9
Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar
 SALIENT FEATURES
•  Emphasis on ideological orientation.
• Islamiat should be taken compulsory upto secondary level ( in
1959 it was proposed to be compulsory upto class 8)
• Emphasis on science and technology education.
• Decentralization of educational administration.

• The Policy aimed at free and universal enrolment up to Class

V by 1980, with particular stress on girl’s education.

Department of EDUCATION 10
Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar
 SALIENT FEATURES
• Policy also identified that there were about 100 million illiterates in
Pakistan of whom 90 percent are concentrated in the rural areas.
• Policy innovated further to aim at covering 5 million adults and school
leavers by 1975 through requiring all employers, including government,
to provide work-oriented basic education to all of their employees.
• Establishment of a National Education Corps.(Kaiser Bengali 1999)
• Eradication of illiteracy.

Department of EDUCATION 11
Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar
 PRIMARY EDUCATION

•  This has been thought as the basic principle in the government

policy.
• It was recommended to make common the primary education upto
fifth class by 1980 and then raised to the level of class eight.
• Girls education was encouraged
• By the end of 1970 about 10.5 million children will be enrolled in
primary (6.3 million in East Pakistan and 4.2 in West Pakistan).

Department of EDUCATION 12
Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar
 PRIMARY EDUCATION

• 22400 primary schools will be opened in East Pakistan and 5000 in

West Pakistan
• 2.8 million new places will be created in East Pakistan and 2.3
million in West Pakistan
• Raising percentage of primary age group enrolment from 55% to
67% in East Pakistan and from 46% to 65% in West Pakistan.
• In west Pakistan 15000 primary schools will be improved under the
development program by providing equipment and teaching aids.

Department of EDUCATION 13
Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar
 SECONDARY EDUCATION

• Scientific, technical and professional education has been

stressed
• A target of education of four hundred and thirty thousand
(430,000) students has been fixed in the plan of 1970
• Achieving an enrolment ratio of 40:60 between arts and the
scientific, technical and vocational program
• 71000 trained teachers will be produced. 

Department of EDUCATION 14
Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar
 HIGHER EDUCATION

•  Curriculum has been stressed to be reorganized to improve

higher education.
• New colleges be opened for science education.
• Centers for excellence be opened in the universities where
research work be done.
• University Grant Commission was stressed to be effective and
efficient to coordinate the work and standard of universities.

Department of EDUCATION 15
Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar
 HIGHER EDUCATION

• New university will be established in Balochistan (upgrading

Government Degree College, Quetta or taking the building of
Institute of Mineral Technology, Quetta)
• A small university will be developed in one of Government
college of Multan or Sargodha

Department of EDUCATION 16
Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar
 TEACHER TRAINING

•  It has been recommended in the report that 138,000 teachers

be provided training.
• 150,000 be trained during services
• Emergency training program of the duration of 2 to 6 months
in teachers training colleges, general colleges and technical
institutions will be launched

Department of EDUCATION 17
Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar
 TEACHER TRAINING

• Introduction of pedagogy as a subject at the Intermediate and

Degree levels and Technical institutions were considered as a
means of meeting the demand for additional teachers.
• These training programs are intended to supplement the
facilities of training under the normal programs of teacher
education 

Department of EDUCATION 18
Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar
 IMPLEMENTATION
• The policy was never implemented on account of the war with
India, secession of East Pakistan, and the collapse of the
military government.
• Less resources
• Economically weak condition of the country

Department of EDUCATION 19
Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar