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SOCIOLOGY AND
ANTHROPOLOGY
INTODUCTION: COMPARISON AND
CONTEXT
SOCIOLOGY 3
Sociology Today you may have thought
about what to wear. But did you ask
yourself where those garments
came from, or who made them?

Where am I wearing?

Video
Sociology • Howard Becker defined sociology as
the study of people “doing things
together.”
• This reminds us that society and the
individual are inherently connected,
and each depends on the other.
• Sociologists study this link: how society
affects the individual and how the
individual affects society.

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Sociology is simply, the scientific study of social
behavior and human groups
focuses on social relationships

on how those relationships influence

people’s behavior
on how societies, the sum total of those
relationships, develop and change.

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Cool Insights
from Humans cannot be understood apart from
social context (i.e. society)

Sociology
Society makes us who we are by structuring
out interactions and laying out an orderly
world before us

Society is a social construction, that is, it is an

idea created by humans through social
interaction and given a reality through our
understanding of it and our collective actions. 7
 Society Death… Related to society? Of course!
Influences
You

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Baby Names 9
 Names that
have gained
the most
popularity,
2004 – 2010

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Sociological an awareness of the relationship
imagination between an individual and the wider
society, both today and in the past

key element is to view one’s own

society as an outsider would

rather than only from the perspective

of personal experiences and cultural
biases. 11
 Example:
Divorce

However, C.
Wright Mills
Using this
advocated Today’s
perspective,
Divorce, for using the households
we can see
example, is sociological frequently
that an
unquestionably imagination to include
increase in the
a personal view divorce stepparents
divorce rate
hardship for a not as simply and
actually
husband and an individual’s halfsiblings
redefines a
wife who split personal whose parents
major social
apart. problem but have divorced
institution—
rather as a and remarried. 12
the family.
societal
concern.
Scenario: • You are walking down the street in
your city or hometown. In looking
around you, you can’t help
noticing that half or more of the
people you see are overweight.
How do you explain your
observation?

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ANTHROPOLOGY 14
15
Anthropology • Comes from Greek words
– anthropos
• man/human
– logos/logia
• study
Anthropology • The science of humanity and its
society
• A scientific study
– of humanity
– the similarities and diversity of
cultures,
– it attempts to present an
integrated picture of human kind
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 human societies

cultures

communication – past and present

Anthropology
examines
 What is anthropology?

Differences Similarities

Biological and Cultural

Human Populations
GUESS FROM 20

WHAT COUNTRY
Canada India

New
China
Guinea 21
Brazil Kenya

New South
Guinea Yemen 22
 In light of rapid
technological
advance, how
different people from
various parts of the
world will appear a
century from now?

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 Unifying
Universalism
themes in
Anthropology
Integra
Holism
tion

Adaptation 24
 Cultural
Anthropology
- describes,
analyzes,
interprets and
explains social
and cultural
similarities and
differences

human society and culture

 Archaeology
3 Main Branches of
Cultural
Anthropology • - reconstruct the
daily life and
customs of
people who
lived in the past
and to trace and
explain cultural
changes.
• - material
remains
3 Main Branches of Anthropological Linguistics
Cultural
Anthropology
• changes that
have taken
place in
language over
time.
• contemporary
variations
3 Main Branches of 3. Ethnology
Cultural
Anthropology • how and why
recent cultures
differ and are
similar
• - patterns of
thought and
behavior such as
marriage
customs, kinship
organization,
religion, folk, art,
music.
 ANTHROPOLOGY

Cultural

Physical Archaeology Anthropological Social/

Linguistics Cultural

• Paleoanthropology • Historical
• Economic
• Prehistoric
• Primatology • Descriptive
• Kinship
• Historical
• Human Genetics • Sociolinguistics
• Medical
• Contract
• Demography • ethnolinguistics
• Psychological
• Growth &
• Urban
Development • Applied
• Osteology (Forensic) • Gender
• Political
• Religion
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THINK
ABOUT
THIS!!!

If one disturbs a
woman in the
bath, what body
parts does she
cover?
According to Islamic woman
Helen Colton FACE
(1983)
Prerevolutionary
Chinese woman
FEET
Sumatran
woman
KNEES
According to Laotian
woman BREASTS
Helen Colton
(1983)
Samoan
woman NAVEL

North
American or BREASTS and
European GENITAL AREA
woman
Compare and • Pair activity

contrast
anthropology
and sociology

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END 34

THANK YOU!

EDUARDO R. GALAPON III, R.N.,MAN

Facilitator