Gujarat Agriculture: An overview

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 GUJARAT AGRICULTURE AT A GLANCE

• Total Geographical Area: 188.00 lakh ha.

• Cultivable Area: 86.00 lakh ha.
• Agro-climatic Zones: Eight

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 GUJARAT AGRICULTURE AT A GLANCE cont…

CROPS
CROPS
• Major Crops: Wheat, Bajra, Rice, Maize,
Groundnut, Mustard, Sesame,
Pigeon pea, Green Gram,
Gram, Cotton, Sugarcane.
• Gujarat is the largest producer of, Castor,
Tobacco, Isabgul (Psyllium), second largest
Producer of Sesame seeds, Cotton and Groundnut
in the country.
• Gujarat has highest productivity in, Mustard,
Castor and cotton, second highest productivity in
Groundnut and Bajra, third highest productivity in
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Gram and Guar in the country.
 GUJARAT AGRICULTURE AT A GLANCE cont…

HORTICULTURE
HORTICULTURE
• Major Crops: Mango, Banana, Sapota,
Lime, Guava, Tomato, Potato, Onion,
Cumin, Garlic, Isabgul, Fennel
• Total Area: About 2.52 lakh ha.
• Gujarat has highest productivity in,
Guava, Potato, Onion, Cumin and Fennel,
third highest productivity in Banana and
Isabgul in the country.
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 GUJARAT AGRICULTURE AT A GLANCE cont…
ANIMAL
ANIMAL
Total Livestock 199.39 lakh
HUSBANDRY
HUSBANDRY
Cattle Population 67.49 lakh / 62.84 lakh
Poultry 72.36 lakh
Well Known Cattle Cow Gir, Kankarej
Breeds Buffalo Jafrabadi, Mehsani, Surti
Sheep Patanwadi, Marwadi
Goat Surti, Mehsani, Kutchchi,
Zalawadi, Gohilwadi
Horse Kathiawadi, Marwadi
Camel Kutchchi
Contribute 5 % of GDP of the
State 5
 GUJARAT AGRICULTURE AT A GLANCE cont…
DAIRY
DAIRYDEVELPMENT
DEVELPMENT
 12 District Milk Producers’ Union
 10,725 Milk Cooperative Societies
 150 lakh liter/day Milk Production
 20.84 lakh Members of Milk Cooperative Societies
 Members get weekly cash payment for sale of milk.
 They are provided health care,cattelfeed and
artificial inseminisation services by union
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 AGRICULTURAL INFRASTRUCTURE
AGRICULTURAL
AGRICULTURALMARKETING
MARKETINGORGANISATIONS
ORGANISATIONS
No. of APMCs: 200
No. of Market Yards: 401
Agro-Processing Units: Major units consists of Cotton Ginning, Oil
Mills (Groundnut, Soybean, Castor), Rice &
Pulse Mills, Tobacco, Sugar Mills, Spices
(Dehydration units of Onion & Garlic) are
prominent
Major Ports: Kandala, Mundra, Pipavav
Roads & Transport: Good transport facilities with roads up to
village level
Communication: Good communication facilities up to village
level. Internet facilities up to block level
Special Yard in view of WTO 4-Special Yards
COTTON,TOBBACO,SPICES,and 7
GROUNDNUTS
 AGRICULTURAL AT GLANCE …..
LAND USAGE & IRRIGATION

CLASSIFICATION
CLASSIFICATIONOF
OFSTATE
STATELAND
LANDUSAGE
USAGE
Total land held by Operational Holders 89.00 lakh hectors
Actual cultivated area 86.00 lakh hectors
Total cultivated area 112.00 lakh hectors

Area under irrigation

Irrigation Potential through canal irrigation: 21.48 lakh ha.
With Sardar Sarovar Dam: 38.41 lakh ha.
No. of Check dams & Boribands constructed: 50,000
No. of Farm Ponds created: 1,37,000
No. of Village Ponds deepened: 3087
A major Watershed Programme under implementation
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 ADVANTAGE GUJARAT
 1600 Km long coastal belt
 Diversified Crops and Cropping systems
 Climatic diversities
 Biodiversities
 Good transport facilities -- PORTS &
AIRPORTS
 Strong Agri Marketing system, Agro based
Industries & Co-operatives
 Enterprising Farmers having business
instincts
 Geographical Location
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 CONSTRAINTS

 Drought prone areas & arid areas forms more then 50 % of

state
 Soil erosion is increasing due to advancement of Desert
land, Deforestation
 Depletion Of Water Table
 Sea Water Ingress
 Deterioration of Soil and Water conditions due to salinity
ingress
 Irregular rain pattern affecting productivity in agriculture
 Agriculture affected due to recurrent droughts
 Low Productivity Of Local Livestock Breeds
 Inadequate Fodder Resources
 Poor R & D Facilities For Marine resources
 Inadequate trained human resource for modern agricultural 10
research and education
 GUJARAT RECENT INITIATIVES
WTO
 Agri-Export Zones for Mangoes,Vegetables and
Onions & Till set up in State.
 Perishable air cargo complex at Ahmedabad
International airport being set up –GOI sanction for
land awaited.
 Agro Industrial policy to support Agro Export &
Processing of Agro Products
 Testing laboratory being set-up with Gujarat
Agriculture Universities
 Special efforts to guide Farmers to produce
QUALITY product including ORGANIC PRODUCTS 11
 GUJARAT RECENT INITIATIVES WTO
cont..

 FOUR SPECIAL markets being

created for spices , Fruit crops,
vegetables & flowers and Oils
seeds
 GUJARAT has large
warehousing Capacity & cold
storage chain
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Strengthening of Agriculture infra structure
Research & Education
• Formation of FOUR Agriculture Universities
(Anand,Dantiwada,Navsari,Junagadh) by Reorganization

Following Advance Agri research & Education efforts under way

• Center of Excellence on Biotechnology, Anand
• Center of Excellence on Post Harvest
Technology, Navsari
• Center of Excellence on soil and water
Management, Junagadh
• Center for Excellence On Castor, Sardar
Krushinagar 13
Strengthening of Agriculture infra structure
Research & Education cont….

• Advanced Research and

Educational Centre for
Horticultural Crops,
Navsari
• WTO Cell, Junagadh
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Strengthening of Agriculture infra structure

BROAD OBJECTIVES
• Doubling of income of farmers
• Direct advise to individual farmer - a
new approach in extension
• Direct involvement of Agri Scientist at
village level to bridge gap between
actual and potential production
• Providing Stability to agriculture by
providing scientific micro level
planning 15
Strengthening of Agriculture infra structure cont..
SOIL HEALTH CARD..FINE
OBJECTIVES
• Analysis of soil of all the villages of the
state
• Guidance to farmers regarding fertilizer
usage based on soil analysis
• Advising farmers regarding alternate
cropping pattern based on soil analysis.
• Providing Soil Health Card to each
farmer.
• 2,00,000 Soil Health Card distributed to
farmers

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 SOIL HEALTH
SOIL HEALTH CARD
CARD
Government of Gujarat initiated scheme of SHC

Actions Taken by DAG Actions Taken by AUs

Soil data of 2,00,000 farmers’ SHC Program Expert Group formed

land collected from 18000
villages in 2003=04 District level and Taluka level
Scientists Identified
Soil samples analyzed
and database created Scientists & Extensions are
advising crop improvement
qualitatively based on soil data and
DAG started farmers meet to
existing knowledge
explain cropping based on Soil
data & makes available at local
level Crop planning based on MAI
TALUKA PLAN
VILLAGE PLAN University recommendations compiled

INDIVIDUAL FARMAR PLAN 17

CDC formed
Strengthening of Agriculture infra structure cont….

WORK PLAN
soil health card

• Rabi- 2003-04 & Kharif 2004-05

– Work Plan prepared for every taluka
and village by team of agri. scientists,
Agri. officers and hort. officer
• Rabi 2004-05
– Taluka level plan prepared
– Village/Individual Farmer level plan
under preparation 18
 Soil Health Card cont…
ADVANTAGE FARMERS
• Farmers have now advantage of
– Knowing actual quantity of fertilizer
needed. (This resulted in less use
of Urea in certain areas)
– Alternate crop pattern
– Dialogue with scientists for issue
related to farming
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 Soil Health Card cont…
FUTURE PLAN
• The taluka level plan will be based on
– Soil health analysis
– Rainfall pattern
– Soil depth analysis (data source BISAG)
– Market research - data of average price of
various crops of last five years
• Manuals under preparation
– AAU - for officers for taluka and village plan
preparation
– JAU - for Individual Farmers’ plan
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 e-governance at the disposal
of Farmers
Use of e-governance for farmers is on the way
 Farmers can get village Records of Rights of land
has been computerized at Computer Centre at Taluka
level.
 Agriculture Taluka level planning is displayed on
WEBSITE.
 TALK – BACK" PROGRAMS CONDUCTED ON
PACKAGE OF PRACTICES OF VARIOUS CROPS
WITH FARMERS

 Farmers will be able to interact with Scientists

from their village under e-gram project 21
Credit, Insurance and Financial Support to Farmers

 15 lakh Kisan Credit Cards distributed last year

 5 lakh Kisan Credit Cards distributed this year
(cooperation NABARD)
 Credit of Rs. 4500 crore is already given by September
end. 1,18,000 farmers added in loans sanctioned
 The Crop Insurance Scheme is implemented in the State.
Rs. 700 crores of claims of farmers were paid in last
year
 Another Farmers Income Insurance Scheme has also
been implemented in 5 districts.
 We have initiated the Farmers’ Accident Insurance
Scheme. The coverage of accidental death is of Rs. 1
lakh. Rs. 818.15 lakh premium was paid by Government
in last three years.
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Focus on villages
Gram Sabha
 Direct interaction between Government
functionaries and the village people to solve village
level problems on the spot.
 Meets three times in a year

Tirthgram – Samras gram- Jyotigram and E-gram

 To enhance better quality of life in villages.

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Communications
 Roads and the transport services are
connecting all villages of the State
 98 % of villages are electrified
 All Talukas are connected with
telecommunication network.
 State has its own GSWAN network which will
shortly reach out to villages.

Gujarat State Wide Area Network

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Biotechnology

 Top priority in Vision 2010 Action

Plan
 Enhancing genetic yield levels of
crops and animals, incorporating
resistance to biotic and abiotic
stresses
 Leading to a sustainable, stable
and remunerative agriculture
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Organic Farming

 Growing awareness amongst farmers

– incresed use of wormi-compost
 Need to have Testing Laboratory with
Agricultural Universities for
certification of Organic Product
 Need for Corporates and NGOs to
provide link between growers and
traders to tap multi billion global
market of organic farm products.
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Weather Forecasting
 Country’s crop production and productivity
dependent on monsoon
 Due to erratic rainfall pattern in many years,
productivity gets effected
 Need for developing a sound weather
forecasting system
 Farmers need to be provided information on
weather at least 7 days in advance as available
in Western countries This will reduce losses on
crop and loss of input and sometime entire
farming operation.
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 Wind & Solar Energy
 India has a vast resource of solar &
wind energy
 Increasing use for agriculture
related items like cheap
desalination, operationalisation of
pumps by solar energy, solar
drier,wind mills needed
 Technologies available but it has
limited extension due to high cost.
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 Development of Wasteland
 Country has, particularly in States
like Gujarat, Rajasthan, Haryana, vast
track of waste lands. Technology
needed for fodder, salinity resistant
crops and trees for these areas.
 This will enhance area under
agriculture and support a strong
base of livestock & Provide
employment
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 Market related Research
 It is essential to carry out Market Research on
agricultural production and productivity of
other countries where our Agriculture
commodities are in demand on a continuous
basis.
 A market mechanism needs to be developed
for dissemination of information and exports
 Need to monitor weather condition and crop
production of such countries which include
Africa, Middle-East, South-East Asia and
SAARC countries.
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 Major concerns :
 Per capita availability of fresh water is 60% of
the national average
 78% of drinking water supply dependent on ground
water.
 Quality and/or quantity of ground water – unreliable

During last 15 years :

 Reduction in quantity of ground water by 26%
 water table going down by almost 3 mts. every year
 27% of villages have water quality problems – excess
fluoride & nitrate
 1600 Km of coastline lead to problem of salinity
ingress in 1/6th part of the State
 Recurrence of drought every three years
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 Strategy and Approach :
 To create sustainable and reliable source of
drinking water throughout the year on long term
basis by shifting to surface water resources.
 To make water available in adequate quantity in
water scarce and quality affected villages on
priority basis.
 Inter basin bulk transfer of water from South and
Central Gujarat to drought prone, desert areas
and water quality effected villages of Kutch,
Saurashtra and North Gujarat areas.
 75% of the total villages to be covered by
permanent drinking water supply grid with
provision for providing filtered water.
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 Strategy and Approach
…
• 10,000 out of 18,000 villages to be covered
under Narmada Dam based Water Supply
Scheme.
• 10 worst drought affected and desert districts to
be provided drinking water under Sujalam &
Suphalam Yojana which emphasis on in-situ
water conservation and restoring ecological
water balance.
• In good rainfall areas of south and central
Gujarat, emphasis on rainwater harvesting and
development of local water sources based
water supply systems, which are easy to
manage, operate and maintain by local
people at low O & M cost. 34
Empowerment of Rural Community
• All in-village water supply schemes will be
demand based and to be implemented and
managed by local community.
• Formation of Pani Samities to take over the full
responsibility of water supply and sanitation in
villages.
• NGOs to play a role as Implementation
Support Agencies (ISAs) and 32 NGOs are
working at present.
• In accordance to 73rd Amendment in the
Constitution, capacity building and
empowerment of Village Panchayats/ Village
Water and Sanitation Committees (VWSC)/
Pani Samitis to plan, implement, manage,
operate and maintain their in-village water
supply systems in long term. 35
 CONCLUSION

• State Government takes the full responsibility

of drinking water sources - bulk and semi-
bulk water supply
• Village community to manage their in-village
systems
• Development of local and traditional source
for conjunctive use.
• State Government proposes to ensure safe
potable drinking water to all villages by
December, 2008 on a permanent, long term
and sustainable basis.
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