PISMP PENDIDIKAN KHAS

ELT METHODOLOGY
-MORPHOLOGY-

PREPARED BY :
NUR SYAFIQA BT MOHD ZAMANI
LECTURER’S NAME :
MADAM ROSLIZA BT AB AZIZ
 What is morphology?

• Morphology refers to the grammar of words and how

they are formed. A morpheme is the smallest part of a
word that carries meaning. It can be a whole word,
such as ‘cat’ or part of a word eg. ‘s’ in ‘cats’ or the
suffix ‘less’ in ‘careless’.

• Pupils become more aware of the principles governing

spelling through the use of morphology
eg. understanding that the ‘t’ sound at the end of past
tense regular verbs is spelt ‘ed’.
• Some children with speech and language impairment
have difficulties with using bound morphemes.
• They may find it difficult to pronounce -ed, -ing, and
-s on the ends of words and their sentence formation
tends to be immature.
• Common spelling mistakes identified by teachers
among LD student included:

1. silent letters eg. ‘h’ or ‘e’ in ‘white’;

2. letter blends eg. ‘fr’, ‘gl’, ‘tr’, ‘sm’, tw’, ‘st’;
3. prefixes and suffixes eg. ‘un’, ‘less’ which change the
meaning of a word; and
4. past tense eg. ‘ed’ endings and irregular endings
‘slept’.
 Children who have difficulties in
morphology may:

•use immature sentence construction (words may be in

the wrong order)
•have difficulty using pronouns correctly
•use word endings (-ed, -ing, -s) incorrectly
•have difficulty with understanding when to use
conjunctions and prepositions
•have kinaesthetic strengths and learn better through
using concrete materials and practical experiences
•have visual strengths and enjoy learning through using
visual materials (charts, maps, videos, demonstrations).
 Activities to develop grammar skills

•Model correct grammar, but don't correct – for example, if the child
says 'I runned to school with my mum,' you might reply 'So you ran to
school with your mum. Did you get up late?‘
•Oral sentence completion – ask the children to complete open-ended
sentences (e.g. The dog ran into...').
•Tell me – describe objects or pictures orally for others to guess. Child
must give sentence clues (e.g. 'It is black. It is very long.').
•Written sentence completion – ask the children to write endings for
open-ended sentences (e.g. The dog ran into...).
•Reorganise sentences – using given subject/verb/object sentences
(e.g. The boy/was painting/a picture).
•Cloze for nouns – choice of nouns given (A...was playing football.
bus, boy, boat).
•Sentence completion – using simple information materials (e.g. A
baby horse is called a...').
THANK YOU