Instructors : Dr.

Lee Fong Lok

Dr. Leung Chi Hong

Student Name : Chan Mei Shan

Student ID : S98039740

Topic : Coordinate Geometry

(F3 Mathematics)
Distance Formula
Slope
Straight Line Drawing
Review:Distance and Slope

Points of Division

Equation of Straight Lines

Perpendicular and Parallel Lines

Intersection of Two Straight Lines

° uation of Special Lines

Two Point Form

Point-Slope Form

Slope-Intercept Form

Intercept Form

General Form
Back =>
Topic: Distance and Slope
(Review)

Back=>
Distance y
P (ã4
5
4)
4

Q3 (ã2

2) 4 2

4
ã4
ã2
4
2
x
- -4 4 3 4 5 6 7 8

-4
ã2
ã4
-

-3


By Pythagoras Theorem,
-4

-5


( 4 ÿ ) ( O4 ÿ O )
°xample
‰ = (-4 2) B=(2 -4)

(x4,y4) (x ,y )

 - ( 4
) ( O4
O )
- (
4
) (
(
4))
- (
6) 6
- 7
Class Work (a) Find AB if A=(4,0) and B=(9,)
(Give the answer in terms of .)
(b) If AB= 34 , find .

(b) 5  - 34
(a) - (9
4) (
0)
5  - 34
- 5 
 -9
 - 3 Ú
3
min min
 y
Slope 5 P (ã4 4)
4

Q (ã23
2) 4
2

4
ã4
ã2
x
- -4 4 3 4 5 6 7 8

-4

-
Ú



-3

-4



O4 ÿ O
4 ÿ
-5
°xample 

(4 5)


O4 ÿ O
(x4,y4)
Ú


4ÿ 4

(4 4) (x ,y ) 
  
 4 4
 

4
 ÿ4
slope


 ÿ4 

 




Class Work 
 B(a2 ab)


3 min

‰(b2
ab)
4


  
 4 4
 

4

Slope of AB? ·
[
·
 Ú
 -

·


·
 -

·

°xample 


(-4 2) (2 2)
4


  
 4 4
 

4


Ú
 -

(
)

  ã
ã 



0
-
6





- 0
 y
°xample 5

4
3
Ú
 - 3


5 (2 2)
- 4
0 x
-5 -4 -3 - -4 4 3 4 5

*
 -4

  O
O 
-3

-4 (2 -3)



 -5

 
Back=>
Topic: Point of Division

Back=>
A= (4, ), B = (8,9) and AC : CB = 3 : 4
Find C(x,y)
y B(8 9)
9

7
4 (9-y)
6
C(x y)
Point C? 5
(8-x)
4 3
(y -2)
3

‰(4 2)
(x-4)
4
x
- -4 4 3 4 5 6 7 8
 B(8 9)

o †BCD †CA°
4 (9-y)
8
4 9-y 4
 - and -

4 3 y- 3
C(x y) D
(8-x)
38
3 - 4
44 39
3O - 4O
4
3 4 - 38 44 3O 4O - 39 4
C(x y)
38 44 39 4
- O- 3
3 4 3 4 (y -2)

‰(4 2) E
(x-4)
 3 C(x y) 4
‰(4 2) B(8 9)

Observation Calculation

3 x 8 +4 x 4 38 4 4
x= -
3 + 4 3 4
Section
3 x 9 +4 x 2 Formula
39 4
y= O

3 + 4 3 4
°xample
P (a b)
4 B (4 8)

‰ (4 2) (4)(4) ( )(4)
a

4
 

 

 


(4)(8) ( )( )
b

4

4

 
ClassWork

P (3 4)
5 B (4 9)
‰ (a b)
?
 




5 min
Solution

(5)(4)  (5 )(9 ) b
3
4

5 5
4
0  7
45 b
4 b
ÿ 49


Class Work
4
P (a b)
4 B (5 3)

‰ (3 -7) 3 min
?
 




(4)(3) (4)(5) ÿ7 3
a
b

4 4

4
ÿ
 4
P (a b)
4 B (x2 y2)
P is the mid-point of AB
‰(x4 y4)

4 



O4  O










°xample Let P = (a b) & G = (p q)
‰ (3 4) 3 5
3 5
p- 
-
4
3
P (4 4) 4
·

54 ÿ
4
2 - -
4
4 3
4 G 2 B (5 -2)
4
2 ( )(4) (4)(ÿ )
p


4
( )(4) (4)(ÿ5)


ÿ4
C (-2 -5) 4
 Observation
‰ (x4 y4)
!
!  
 
 

G(x y) B (x2 y2)

4 3


3
 O4 O O3
C (x3 y3) O

3
Back=>
Challenge 


‰ (-3 4) 

P
4 B (2 4)

  
 4 4
 

4

?
 
    




Answer =>

Solution
Y  

(4 )( ) k (ÿ 3)
0

4 k
0
ÿ 3k

k

3 Back =>
Topic: Equations of
Special Lines
Back=>
Horizontal Lines 

x = -3


y=3 (-3 3) (4 3) (3 3)

y=4 (2 4)
4


  
 4 4
 

4

y = -3 

(-5 -3) (-4 -3) (2 -3)


ertical Lines 

x = -3 x=2
x = -4 

(2 2)
4


  
 4 4
 

4 (2 0)


(-3 -3) 

(-4 -4) 

x = -3 
Class Work y

? 
   

  (a b) Y
Y
Y 
  


  


 x
0



 Y
 

Y  
 3 min
 
  Y

Straight lines y =- x 
y

Passing through y=x

origin (- ,4) 4

3
(3,3)
(-4, )
4
(4,4) x
- -4 -3 - -4 4 3 4 

-4

-
(4,- )
(-3,-3) -3

-4

-
´
 

·
 O





4 (a,b)

  
 4 4
 

4






Class Work
?   

y Y

Y

Y (6,7)

3
Y
 O
ÿ
7
4 x
Y  O

6
(4,-3)
3 min

Y

Back=>
Topic: Two-Point Form

Back=>
 y
9
Y
8
O   O
B(5 8)
7

6 P(x y) y
3 8ÿ3
-
5
x
4 5 ÿ4
4
y ÿ3 5


3
‰(4 3) x ÿ4 4
?
    
 

4y ÿ4 

5xYÿ5
4
5x ÿ 4y 7
0 x
-4 4 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

-4
 y

Y 

Y 

O
B(5 8)  O
 
         
!


P(x y)


y ÿ8 8ÿ3
   
 


O
x ÿ 5 5 ÿ4



 


‰(4 3)  y ÿ O
8


5 
x ÿ5 4
4
4y ÿ 3
5x ÿ 5

4 4
 5x ÿ 4y 7
0
    

4
°xample Y 

 ??
? 
 ? 
 


 

 





Y
(-4 4) 

ut
( ÿ
(, 0b,)kint
et ) o the e uation
7( ÿ
7(0)) 66bk 44

00
(-2 b)
4 5
y ÿ 4   4 ÿ
( ÿ3)  4 bk

ÿ 

3



4
3 

x ÿ ( ÿ4) ÿ 4 ÿ 4

thus ,
(0, ÿ )
yÿ4 7 3


x 4 ÿ6 

(2 -3)
ÿ 6 y7x +46y
L:
7+x 4 =80 


7x 6y 4
0
°xample
 ?   

  
   

        
 L: 3x - 5y + 4 = 0
 
 !

"  
 


 
  

    


  
 
    





Oÿ ÿ (ÿ4)
LL
.H.H.Sÿ.SO ÿ
ÿ
. (-.ÿ-33(3)7(3) )
ÿ55(3
( ÿ 4)
(ÿ
4) )

44
ÿ-(ÿ43)
0 ÿ
34 ÿ
- 9
40
4
--0

O ÿ 3


-XRR.H.H.S 3. ÿ 5
.S.
 
ÿ5
O40 3  9
    
 


 
     
 
 
    
3 5O ÿ4
0
Class Work
 ?   

  
     
  

   #
  $  
    
 Y   
Solution.
(a) O
0 0
(
6) (b)
 ( ,3) int Ú
-

( 0) 0
(
4) 3 O-0
O 6 3 (3) - 0
-
4 - 7 min
4O - 6
3 O-0
Back=>
Topic: Point-Slope Form

Back=>
 y
9

B(x y)

"

" ?!
8

7 ‰(4 7) O #

6 y
7

3
5
Y x
4
4 y
7
3x
3
3 slope = 3 3x
y 4
0

x
-4 4 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

-4
°xample ?   

     
  

 
   

 
# 

O ÿ ( ÿ5)

ÿ3  orking?
ÿ (ÿ4)

O 5
-
3
4
O 5 -
3
3
3 O 8-0
 y
°xample  ?%
 %
    


5 
 Y
4

Y 3

(-3 2) 4
slope
ÿ
4
3
x
-5 -4 -3 - -4 4
B3 (2 b)
4 5
yÿ -4
4

ÿ
x ÿ ( ÿ3) - 3 3b ÿ 3
0
Put B(2 y ÿ the
B(2 b) into -3
4equation 4

ÿ b

x 3 -4 3 3
L: x + 3y - 3 = 0 3 y ÿ 6
-ÿ5 x ÿ 3
x 3y ÿ 3
0
Class Work Find (a) The
 equation of L.
(b) The coordinates of P
Y

(c) The coordinates of Q
P (a 2) 4


  
 4 4
 

(-2 0) 4

4 Q
slope -


40 min
3 


 Solution.
(b) Put P(a 2) into L
(a) 4a (3)( ) 8
0
yÿ0 4 a
ÿ 3 .5

ÿ therefore P = (-3.5 2)
x ÿ (ÿ ) 3
y 4
x

ÿ
3
(c) Let Q = (0 b)
3 y
ÿ4 x ÿ 8 4(0) 3b 8-0
4x 3y 8
0 8
b-

8 3
Q = (0
)
3
Back=>
Topic: Slope-Intercept Form
Intercepts y
6

3
(0 3)

4
(-2 0) x
-4 -3 - -4 0 4 3 4 5
-4

-3
Slope-intercept

y Form

Y

slope = 3 y





0
(0 4)

(x y)
  y ÿ
 
4

 4  
 
Y
x

3

y-intercept
y ÿ 4
3x
4
y
3x 4
slope
4 4
     

4
°xample 
 ?   

 
  %   
    
 
%   
   

 
 

  



 

 
  &

 

 &

&  

  
    
  
 
  
  







x 3y
slope
4 - 0- 3

$ÿ
ÿ%&
%&ÿ
ÿ 3y -
-x
7 4
y
int ercept
y-
x
4
3 3
4
Slope-intercept
slope
ÿ , y ÿ int ercept

3 Form3
°xample Y  '   & '
  
 & 
 ?   
 ' 
  %    
 
 Y 

kx 3y ÿ k
0 k
3y
ÿ kx k y
int ercept -
3
k k
y
ÿ x ( )(6)
3 3 -
 
k
ÿ
ÿ Slope-intercept3
3 Form- 4
k
6
Class Work ?   
 ' 

 



     Y
Y     '
   
  

Ans. 3x 4 y k - 0 

 $
4 y -
3x
k '(
 
3 k  
 
Y
y-
x

4 4
3(0) 4(75)mink
0
k Slope-intercept
  5-
Formk
ÿ 0
4
k-
0
Back=>
Topic: Intercept Form

Back=>
 y O O
Y
5

4 y ÿ3 3ÿ0

 

3 x ÿ0 0ÿ
P(x y) yÿ3 3

ÿ
4
(   x
x
- -4 4 3 4 5 6 7
y ÿ8 6
ÿ3x
-4
 
   
 
Y
3x y
6
-

 x y
-3

4
-4 3
-5 x-intercept y-intercept
°ample ?   

Y  
 



!
 
#

y ) 
Y


 L

# 

) 

y-intercept
3   



4 9
. . .
4 6
4 L. .ÿ.4
3
x-intercept
ÿ3 3 ÿ 4 3 
  
 4 4
 
-4
ÿ4
4

0

4
X . ..


 y
. ..
Ans:
4 


)

 
ÿ
  
#

Y
  
Y
°xample  %

  *

 

  +

   
 
 
 

  









  
   

7x 4y 8
0
7x 4y
ÿ 8
7x 4y

4
ÿ 8 ÿ 8
x y

4
ÿ4 ÿ7
 
 


 

 
 



°xample ?  

  



Y 


 y 5O 40 - 0
0 x 5O -
40
-5
5O
-4
-
40
40
O
-4

5

 

  



( 5 )( ) Intercept
- 5 s .units
form
Class Work (a) Find the intercepts of L4.
(b) Find the equation of L2.
(c) Find the area of the shaded region.

y
40 min
Y Y
3x + 5y-
5y-45=0

x
 0
 y
Solution.
3
(a) 3
(b) x  5
y
45

Y
-0 Y Y
3x + 5y-
5y-45=0

3x x 5y y- 45

4
3xÿ 5y 3 x
-4
ÿ 3x 45 y
6
45  0 5
3x ÿx y y 6
0
-4
5 3
(c) x-intercept



=5  

 

and y- (7)(3) = 3 .
y-intercept
40.5 .
Back=>
Topic: General Form

Back=>
General Form
 (*


x 3y
*


ÿ
5 
  




5
x 3y
ÿ
5
5
x ÿ 45 y
50
x ÿ 45 y ÿ 50
0
Class Work

y
5 3
*


-

  




x
4
y
5 3
-

x
4
4 y
40 -
3x 4
3x 4 y
-0
°xample %
 


  
 
 

 
    
 &
& 
 

4 x
3y 7 - 0
3y - 4 x 7
4 7
y- x
3 3
4 7
slope - and y
int ercept -
3 3
°xample ?   

Y   





Y y
0
x


 


 

y -
x
7
x y 7-0
°xample ?    
    
 

 
   

&
& 




4 x ÿ 7y 4
0
4 x ÿ 7 y
ÿ4
4 x 7y
ÿ
4
ÿ4 ÿ4
x y

4
ÿ 4/ 3 4 / 7
4 4
x ÿ int ercept
ÿ and y ÿ int ercept

3 7
Back=>
Topic: Parallel Lines
and
Perpendicular Lines

Back=>
 Conversely,
What if
If will
L4 happen
L2 if
Twom L4 =
lines m L2
A FACT toLknow...
then 4 and L
Are parallel?
m
ThenL4 L =4mL2
L2
°xample Determine whether L4  L2

Y
Y
5 7
ÿ (ÿ )
slope = 2 m
3 3
5
(3, ) 3 ÿ4
3
4
7

(4,
)
3


"  




 
 Y




 
Y
°xample
Find the equation of L2
mL2 = mL4 = 2
y
L4 : m = 2 By point-slope form,
x Oÿ0


0 0)
(0 ÿ0
O
Y

O

 : ÿ O
0
Class
More... (a) Find
(b) Does the
the equation
point (-
(-3 of
-5)Llies
2. on L2 ?
Work
yÿ0

ÿ3
Y

 


 x 4 5min
Y y
y
ÿ3x ÿ 45
3x y 45
0
x

 0 Y,"



 
 





X -,"
 
 

 
Y
°xample
Step 3:
4:: Use
Findpoint
point-
thethe
°xpress
Find Lslope
-4slope
into
ofslope
form
L2 to
equation intercept
find
of L L. form.
.
2
4x 3y 4
0
L4 : 4x + 3y + 42 = 0
3 y
ÿ4 x ÿ 4 L2 y
4
y
ÿ xÿ4
3 x
4
mL = mL4 = ÿ -6 0
3 (-6 0)
O ÿ0 4
:
ÿ
6 3
ÿ 3O
4 4
4 3O 4
0
Class Find the equation of the line L4 which
Work is parallel to 3x + 2y
5 = 0 and passes
through (4 -4).

Steps :
°xpress the given line into
4.°xpress
4.
slope--intercept form.
slope
..Find
Find the slope of L4. 6 min

3. Use point-
point-slope form to find
the e uation of the line.
Solution.
Step 4: Step : Find mL.
4
°xpress the given line mL =

into slope-
slope-intercept form. 3

3x y
5 - 0 Step 3: Use point-

point-slope
form to find the
y -
3x 5 e uation
3 5 y 4 3
y-
x -

x
4
y -
3x 4
3x y
40 - 0
 Conversely,
If L4 ù L2if
mL4then
x mL2 =-4
One more FACT...
Then
mL4 x Lm4L2ù=L-42
°xample Find the coordinates of
P.
P.(Hint:
(Hint: Let P = (a 0)
Y
o L4 ù L2
Y mL4 x mL2 =-4
y
7
0 ÿ (ÿ )
P x 4
( )
ÿ4
0 7 a ÿ3
(3,
) 3.5
ÿa 3
4
a
ÿ0.5
slope = 2 thus P = ((--0.5 0)
°xample 4:Find
Step 3: Use theLequation
point
point-
°xpress -slope formofto
into slope Lfind
. L form.
intercept .
Step : Find 4the slope of L22
3
O 40 - 0
O - 3 40
3
O - 5 y
L4 : 3x
3x--2y +40 =0
mL = -4ÈmL4
3
=-4È
ÿ x
3
(-2 -3) 0
O 3
: -

3 Y
3O 9- 4

3O
5 - 0
Class Find the equation of the line L which is
Work perpendicular to 3x - 2y + 6 = 0 and pases
through (-4 3).

Steps :
°xpress the given line into
4.°xpress
4.
slope--intercept form.
slope
..Find
Find the slope of L. 6 min

3. Use point-
point-slope form to find
the e uation of the line.
Solution.
Step 4: Step : Find mL.
3
°xpress the given line mL = ÿ 4 
ÿ
into slope-
slope-intercept form. 3

Step 3: Use point-

point-slope
3 ÿ O 6
0 form to find the
O
3 6 e uation
O ÿ3
3 4

ÿ
3
O
3
3O ÿ 9
8
ÿ 3 O 47
0
Back=>
Challenge Find the equation of the perpendicular
bisector of the line segment joining (3 -5)
and (-7 9).
[ ‰ns.: 5x - 7y + 24 = 0 ]

Steps :
Find the coordinates of the midpoint.
4.Find
4.
..Find
Find the slope of the line segment.
3.
3.Find
Find the slope of the perpendicular bisector
4.
4.Use
Use point-
point-slope form to find the e uation of
the line.
Back=>
Topic: Point of Intersection

Back=>
 hat are the coordinates of P ?




 
 x=5 (

(

*

*

y=7
 !

.



a



± ßou are wrong !
± Don¶t give up «
± Try it again «
w
w
Correct !

Return
  hat are the coordinates of P ?
y ‰. P = (-
(-5 7)
x = 36
B. P = (5 7)
C. P = (7 2)
y = 3x
8 P
D. P = (7 43)
x
E. P = (43 7)
0
°xample   hat are the
2x
5y + 46 = 0 coordinates of P ?

x
5y 46 - 0 (4)

  

 ( )
ƒ3x y 5 - 0


4x
40 y 3 - 0 (3)
 45x 40 y 5 - 0 ( 4)
ƒ
3x + 2y + 5 = 0 (3) ( 4) :
ub x
ÿ3 int o ( ) :
49 x 57 - 0
3(ÿ3) y 5
0
x -
3
y
4
y

 Find the coordinates of the point of intersection of
°xample

Dy
ÿ x 6 Sub (4) int o ( ) :

5
D3x ÿ y ÿ 44
0 3x x
6
44 - 0
5
47
x - 47

y -
x 6 5
D (4)
5 x -5
D
ƒ3x
y
44 - 0 ( )
Sub x - 5 int o ( ) :
3(5)
y
44 - 0
The coordinates are
(5 4) y-4
°xample
 hat are the coordinates of P ?
Y x y - 4
 4
3x
4y + 5 = 0 x y-4

x y-4
 
ƒ
3x
4 y 5 - 0
8x 4 y
46 (4)
 3x ÿ 4 y 5
0 ( )
Y
(4) ( ) : 44 5
46

4


  O

Back=>