The Concept of Brain Drain

A P R E S E N TAT I O N B Y:
USMAN M. NOORUDDIN

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Overview

BASIC OVERVIEW
OF THE
P R E S E N TAT I O N

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 Overview

Background of the Presentation

Introduction to Brain Drain
 Causes
 Effects
Statistics
 Global Statistics
 Local Statistics
Comparison between Statistics

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 Overview

The Factor of Brain Gain

In a Nutshell
Question & Answer Session
Key to References

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Background of the
Presentation

A REVIEW
WHY THIS TOPIC
HAS BEEN
CHOSEN

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 Background of the Presentation

Discuss a more increasing problem publicly.

Inform the audience about:
 Its causes and effects
 Statistics of the globe
Show the comprehensive vision this problem is creating
for Pakistan.
Inform regarding “Brain Gain”.
Share ideas to propagate Brain Gain rather than
Brain Drain.

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Introduction to Brain Drain

W H AT I S B R A I N D R A I N ?

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 Introduction to Brain Drain

Difference between “Emigrate” & “Immigrate”:

 Emigrate: To leave one’s country to settle in another.
 Immigrate: To come to a new country to settle there.
According to the Oxford Dictionary:
“The emigration of highly trained or intelligent people from a particular
country”
This factor is also known as:
 Human Capital Flight
 Reverse Brain Gain
The most problematic situation for developing nations
where widespread.
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 Causes of Brain Drain

When individuals who study abroad and after completing their

education do not return.
When individuals educated in their home country emigrate for:
 Problems in Home Country
 Health Hazards
 In search for:
 Higher Wages
 Opportunities for Business
 Medical Attention & Supervision
 Better Environment
 Better economy factors:
 Prices

 Quality Products

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 Effects of Brain Drain

Nation deprived of important assets.

Rapid Decrease in Human Capital.
Lack of skilled workers results in an economically &
technologically deprived nation.
The pace in technological advancements decrease.
Most population of the nation resides in other countries.
The economic standard depreciates.
National crimes increase.
Non skilled workers left behind to take over.

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 Statistics

G L O B A L S TAT I S T I C S
AND
LOCAL
S TAT I S T I C S

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 Global Statistics

Europe has been losing talented people to immigration

countries such as:
 United States of America
 Canada
 Australia
 New Zealand
Out of 100% of the migrants, only 13% intend to return to
Europe.
Saudi Arabia & the rest of the Middle East is the highest
ranked in Brain Drain.

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 Global Statistics

“Qualified and highly qualified migrants prefer the U.S.A.,

Canada and Australia”

Franco Frattini,
(The EU’s justice and home affairs commissioner)
Highly Skilled
Foreign Workers
European Union 0.9%
United States 3.9%
Canada 7.3%
Australia 9.9%

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Most people travel from
Developing countries to
Developed countries as it is
described in the Illustration
on the right.

Pakistan is a Developing
Country where most of the
unskilled workers reside.

Most preferred place

nowadays is Australia since
it is developed but does
not have a work force of its
own.

Global Statistics
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 Local Statistics

Pakistan is a third world country.

Literacy rate is 54%, out of which:
 60.25% Male
 41.75 % Female
Literacy is Pakistan is defined as a person who can:
 Read a newspaper
 Sign or write his name
The actual rate of qualified professionals and graduates is
approximately 10% of the whole 100% of the population.

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 Local Statistics

If that 10% is eager to leave Pakistan for a better future,

the future of Pakistan is doomed.
Very few, less than 1% has an intention to return.
Most of the people who return back, they do not find any
opportunity to survive in Pakistan.
Since a person supports a family of an average of 10
people, therefore he returns for their better future.

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 Comparison Between Statistics

European Union has a developed economy but is

concerned about its qualified graduates emigrating to
more developed countries.
Not even 10% of Pakistan’s population is concerned
about Brain Drain.
Due to Brain Drain, the economy of Pakistan is
depreciating badly.

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 Brain Gain

CLARIFYING THE CONCEPT

OF
BRAIN GAIN

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 Brain Gain

The reverse process of Brain Drain is Brain Gain.

Skilled graduates are causing Brain Drain to the country
from where they are emigrating from.
Skilled graduates are causing Brain Gain to the country
they are emigrating to.

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In A Nutshell

OUR CONCLUSION
TO
T H E P R E S E N TAT I O N

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 In a Nutshell

Larger countries have less Brain Drain with reference to :

 Population of the Country
 Developed Countries
 Certain Exceptions are:
 Middle East
 African Countries
 India
 Far East Asia
Brain Drain is harming the global economy.
Not only developed countries are suffering, developing countries
are facing severe harshness due to this factor.
Third world countries are suffering the most.
A very difficult problem to handle and virtually impossible solve.
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Question & Answer
Session

YO U A S K,
WE ANSWER.

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 Question & Answer Session

What can be the

solution to Brain
Drain?
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 Quote

“When one door of happiness closes,

another opens; but often we look so long
at the closed door that we do not see the
one which has opened for us.”

Helen Keller

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Key to References

REFERENCES
AND
WEB LIN KS TO
O U R P R E S E N TAT I O N

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 Key to References

http://www.wikipedia.org
http://www.encarta.msn.com
http://www.encyclopedia.com
http://www.infoplease.com
http://www.britannica.com
http://web.worldbank.org
http://www.pakistantimes.net
http://www.unicef.org
http://www.un.org.pk/unesco
 GMR2008.pdf
Page Number (240)
Definition of Literacy
Slide Number: 19 – “Local Statistics”

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 Thank You!

F O R Y O U R T I M E A N D PAT I E N C E

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