Cryptography on GPUs

Erdem Sarılı

İzmir Institute of Technology

April 8th, 2011
İzmir
 Outline
• GPU
– Architecture
– Programming Principles & Programmability
– Future Trends
• GPU Cryptography
– Motivation
– Ciphers
• GPU vs CPU Results
• Conclusion
• Questions
April 8th, 2011 2
 GPU: Architecture
• Thread Processors,
Multiprocessors
• SIMD mode
• Special Function units
• Synchronization: MP, TP
• 2 Level Parallelism
• Synchronization: Hardware
Support
• Memory: Local, Device Host
• Context Switching
•Wolfe, Michael. “Compilers and More: GPU Architecture and Applications”, 2008.
•Owens, John & Davis ,UC. “GPU Architecture Overview”, 2007
•Kilgariff, Emmett & Fernando, Randima. “The GeForce 6 Series GPU Architecture”, 2005.
•Buck, Ian & Purcell Tim. “A Toolkit For Computation on GPUs”, 2004.
April 8th, 2011 3
 GPU: Programming Principles &
Programmability
• Compute Intensity / Arithmetic Intesity
“Getting good performance on today's accelerators depends on selecting a region
that has enough work to amortize the overhead of moving data between the
host and accelerator.”[1]

• Data Parallelism
“GPU is designed as a throughput engine; it's designed to get a lot of work done
on a lot of data, all very quickly, all in parallel”[2]

• Data Locality
“The memory is designed for efficient access to contiguous blocks of memory,
meaning adjacent threads using adjacent data. Your program will run noticeably
slower if it does random memory fetches...”[2]

[1] Wolfe, Michael. “Compilers and More: A GPU and Accelator Programming Model
Applications”, 2008.
[2] Wolfe, Michael. “Compilers and More: GPU Architecture and Applications”, 2008.
April 8th, 2011 4
 GPU: Programming Principles &
Programmability
• Programming Units: Kernels

Buck, Ian & Purcell Tim. “A Toolkit For Computation on GPUs”, 2004.
April 8th, 2011 5
 GPU: Programming Principles &
Programmability
• Nvidia CUDA

• AMD Accelerated Parallel Processing (APP)

SDK (formerly ATI Stream)

April 8th, 2011 6

 GPU: Future Trends
• Increasing Number of Cores
– Nvidia Fermi: 512 cores, Cache Leveling,
Concurrent Kernel Execution, ECC
• APU: CPU + GPU
– AMD Fusion
– INTEL Sandy Bridge

April 8th, 2011 7

 GPU Cryptography: Motivation
• Heavy Computational Work
• Insecure Protocols:
“... many network administrators choose to employ insecure security
standards such as WEP (37%), or not apply security to their networks at
all (57%).” [1]
• Huge CPU time on cryptographic operations.
“Recent study reveals that 70% of the CPU time in such a
transaction(HTTPS) is spent on cryptographic operations.”[2]

[1] Boeing, Adrian. “Survey and future trends of efficient cryptographic function implementations on
GPGPUs”, 2008.
[2] Neves, Samuel. “Cryptography in GPUs”, 2009.
April 8th, 2011 8
 GPU Cryptography: Motivation
• Peak Ops/s Superiority of GPU over CPU

“NVIDA CUDA Compute Unified Device Architecture, Programming Guide”, 2008.

April 8th, 2011 9

 GPU Cryptography: Motivation
• GPU 100x faster that CPU, myth?
Intel: 2,5x overall[1]
Nvidia: 10 papers resulting over 100x
speed up with GPU[2]

[1] Lee, Victor W & Various Researchers.“Debunking the 100X GPU vs. CPU Myth: An Evaluation
of Throughput Computing on CPU and GPU”, 2010.
[2] Keane, Andy. “ “GPUs Are Only Up to14 Times Faster Than CPUs” Says Intel”, 2010
April 8th, 2011 10
 GPU Cryptography: Ciphers
• AES
– Block Cipher
• RC4
– Stream Cipher
– 3 Steps: Initialize, Produce Byte Stream, Encrypt
– WEP, WPA
• MD5
– Pad to length divisible by 512
– Block by Block
• SHA
– Similar to MD5
• Modular Exponentiation
– Part of RSA

April 8th, 2011 11

 GPU vs CPU Results

Boeing, Adrian. “Survey and future trends of efficient cryptographic function implementations on
GPGPUs”, 2008.

April 8th, 2011 12

 GPU vs CPU Results : SiSoft - Benchmarks :
CPU vs. GPGPU: Cryptographic Performance

AVERAGE PERFORMANCE: 733,5 MB/s

April 8th, 2011 13
 GPU vs CPU Results : SiSoft - Benchmarks :
CPU vs. GPGPU: Cryptographic Performance

AVERAGE PERFORMANCE: 2925,84 MB/s

April 8th, 2011 14
 GPU vs CPU Results : SiSoft - Benchmarks :
CPU vs. GPGPU: Cryptographic Performance

AVERAGE PERFORMANCE: 592,67 MB/s

April 8th, 2011 15
 GPU vs CPU Results : SiSoft - Benchmarks :
CPU vs. GPGPU: Cryptographic Performance

AVERAGE PERFORMANCE: 3087,5 MB/s

April 8th, 2011 16
 Conclusion
• Better Performance vs. More Programming
Effort
• I/O Bottleneck
• With developments of APUs
– Increase in use of secure platforms and standarts:
e.g. RSA, HTTPS
– Insecure platforms and standarts cracked even
easier: e.g. WEP

April 8th, 2011 17

Thank You

Questions