URBAN PLANNING

Rohit Chaurasia III CE 71/08

OVERVIEW
1. Introduction 2. Components of planning: Land use planning Transport planning Sustainable neighbourhood concept plan 3. Le Corbusier's Five Points of Architecture 4. Urban planning in india

INTRODUCTION
Urban Planning can be defined as the design and regulation of the uses of space that focus on the physical form, economic functions, and social impacts of the urban environment and on the location of different activities within it. Urban planning can include urban renewal, by adapting urban planning methods to existing cities suffering from decay and lack of investment.

COMPONENTS OF URBAN PLANNING

TRANSPORT PLANNING

LAND USE PLANNING

NEIGHBOURHOOD CONCEPT

URBAN PLANNING

LAND USE PLANNING

Land use planning is used by a government to manage the manner in which the land within its jurisdiction is developed, or used. In doing so, the governmental unit can ensure that the needs of the people are met while natural resources are safeguarded. Land use planning means the scientific, aesthetic, and orderly disposition of land, resources, facilities and services with a view to securing the physical, economic and social efficiency, health and well-being of urban and rural communities.

LAND USE PLANNING DISCIPLINES

RESIDENTIAL PLANNING PUBLIC OPEN SPACE COMMERCIAL PLANNING

INDUSTRIAL PLANNING

INSTITUTIONAL PLANNING

RESIDENTIAL PLANNING
Promote the availability of low- and moderate-income housing units Promote the development of housing which will help meet the special needs of people Limit the intensity of residential development in those areas subject to high community noise levels. Increase home ownership opportunities.

COMMERCIAL PLANNING
Conveniently located and well-designed commercial development.
G O A L S

Commercial areas that also serve as centers for community activity. A reduction in automo ile trips associated with commercial services. Neigh ourhood commercial services that are easily accessi le to pedestrians and icyclists.

INSTITUTIONAL PLANNING
GOALS

Ensure that new uses on previously designated institutional sites will be compatible. Ensure that the community will have ample opportunity to guide long-term uses of publicly owned community serving facilities. Designate alternative land uses for existing institutional sites in the event that relocations occur. Provide institutional facilities with suggested methods of achieving visual and physical compatibility with the surrounding community. with the surrounding neighborhood.

INDUSTRIAL PLANNING
GOALS

Preservation of an adequate supply of industrial land.

A reduction in traffic conflicts and congestion in industrial areas. The City shall require developers of large industrial projects to designate truck access routes to freeways through nonresidential areas.

TRANSPORTATION PLANNING
Steps
Monitoring existing conditions Identifying projected future transportation problems and needs and analyzing, through detailed planning studies. Forecasting future population and employment growth, including assessing projected land uses in the region and identifying major growth corridors Estimating the impact of recommended future improvements to the transportation system on environmental features Developing a financial plan for securing sufficient revenues to cover the costs of implementing strategies.

TYPES OF ROAD PATTERNS

Rectangular Block Pattern

Radial and Block Pattern

Radial and Circular pattern

Radial and Grid Pattern

THE CUL-DE-SAC PATTERN

Cul-de-sac means dead end, close, no through road or dead-end street with only one inlet / outlet. In urban planning cul-de-sac are created to limit through-traffic in residential areas Cul-de-sac and loop streets can reduce the size of any given neighbourhood to a single street

SUSTAINABLE NEIGHBOURHOOD CONCEPT PLAN

PART I PART II PART III PART IV

The End-State goals for the Sustainable Neighbourhood are presented and explored, as well as the policy context and information that is specific to the Sustainable Neighbourhood

the plans and opportunities for land use and systems are presented, explained, and rationalized based on the costs and benefits.

conceptual design guidelines are outlined. The purpose of the guidelines is to convey a sense of the character and intent for the neighbourhoo d.

One of the top recommende d actions is to coordinate development and planning with the hospital project that is proceeding, to ensure that the mutual benefits for the City are realized.

Le Corbusier's Five Points of Architecture

1. THE SUPPORTS

5. FREE DESIGN OF THE FACADE.

2. THE ROOF GARDENS

4. THE HORIZONTAL WINDOW

3. THE FREE DESIGNING OF THE GROUNDPLAN

URBAN PLANNING IN INDIA

CHANDIGARH
It is the first planned city of India. Several buildings and layouts in Chandigarh were designed by the French architect and urban planner, Le Corbusier in the 1950s. He divided the city into units called "sectors", each representing a theoretically self-sufficient entity with space for living, working and leisure. The sectors were linked to each other by a road and path network developed along the line of the 7 Vs, or a hierarchy of seven types of circulation patterns.

GANDHINAGAR
The city's infrastructure was planned by two Indian planners, H.K. Mewada and Prakash Apte. Mewada. All streets cross every kilometre, and at every crossing traffic circles decrease the speed of traffic. After the city's infrastructure was completed in 1970, and until 1980, it was known as 'Gandhian City,' since it was based on Gandhiji's concepts and principles Between 1980 and 1990, a time of low pollution, it was known as 'Unpolluted City'