Inertia

Natural property of all object to maintain its initial state of motion

Stationary inertia
Tendency of an object to resist any changes to its stationary position

Motion inertia
Tendency of an object to move against the force that tries to change its velocity

 The quantity of inertia of an object

depends on its mass

The bigger the mass of an object, the bigger its inertia.

Seat belt - When car stop suddenly, passengers have the tendency to continue move forward because of inertia. - fastened seat belt can stop passenger from moving forward

 The amount of momentum depends on

the
a) mass on an object b) velocity of an object

The bigger the mass of moving object, the bigger its momentum. The bigger the velocity of moving object, the bigger its momentum

Momentum
Product of its mass and velocity Momentum = mass x velocity Kilogramme metre per second

kg m s-1

A car with the mass of 1500 kg moves with a velocity of 20 ms-1. What is the momentum of the car? Solution: Momentum = mass x velocity = 1500 x 20 = 30 000 kg ms-1

Principle of conservation of momentum

Total amount of momentum of two objects before a collision is the same as the total amount of momentum after collision the total momentum is NOT lost, only transferred

moving

stationary

Before collision
A B

Both trolley stick and move

after collision

It shows that total amount of momentum before a collision same as the total amount of momentum after collision

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fWSgm5a MsbU&feature=related

 Force is defined as the rate of momentum change. The greater momentum the greater the force needed to be applied to bring the object to stop. Force = change in momentum time = final momentum initial momentum time

Application of momentum

In the design of vehicle

Apabila berlaku perlanggaran kereta, perubahan momentum yang besar berlaku dalam masa singkat Ini menghasilkan daya yang besar yang boleh menyebabkan kerosakan/kecederaan teruk.

Pile Driver (pelantak cerucuk)

- hammer is lifted high and then released. - big mass, big velocity so, big momentum - on impact with beam, big change of momentum - big force produced which push the beam into ground

PRESSURE

Force that acts on a unit of surface area Pressure (P) = force (F) Area (A) Newton per square metre (Nm-2) or pascal (Pa)

Pressure is influenced by two factors:

a) the force that act b) the surface area

The larger the force that act, the larger the pressure produced. The smaller the surface area, , the larger the pressure produced.

Calculate the amount of pressure exerted on a cube with a surface area of 0.025 m2 if a force of 20 N is used. Solution

Application of pressure