BY: robin

Renewable energy is natural energy which does

not have a limited supply. Renewable energy can be used again and again, and will never run out.

Demand can only be reduced in limited amounts To sustain our population, we must make an effective shift towards alternatives, and preferably to renewable sources of energy A smooth transition to the new sources of energy is also crucial and the importance of this may be overlooked. We need to start this transition mechanism soon, even if the oil peak may not be immediate

 BIODIESEL

COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS (CNG)

ETHANOL HYDROGEN /FUEL CELL VEHICLES GAS-TO-LIQUID FUELS IN TRANSPORTATION

BIODIESEL AS A TRANSPORTATION FUEL

Biodiesel

is an alternative fuel

produced from renewable

resources, such as soybeans or

used restaurant grease.
contains

no petroleum, but it can

be blended with petroleum diesel

to create a biodiesel blend.

It can be used in diesel engines

with no major modifications.

Biodiesel is simple to use,

biodegradable, nontoxic, and

essentially free of sulphur and

Biodiesel is the only alternative fuel to have

fully completed the health effects testing

requirements under the Clean Air Act.

The use of biodiesel in a conventional diesel engine results in substantial reductions of unburned hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, and particulate matter compared to emissions from diesel fuel.

What is CNG?

Compressed natural gas, or CNG, is natural gas under pressure which remains clear, odorless, and non-corrosive.
Most natural gas comes from three types of wells: natural gas-and-condensate wells, oil wells, and coal bed methane wells.

How is natural gas produced?

What are the benefits of using natural gas in transportation?

Natural gas is produced both worldwide and domestically at relatively low cost and is cleaner burning than gasoline or diesel fuel.

What is ethanol?

Ethanol, or ethyl alcohol, has the

chemical formula C2H5OH.

It is the same alcohol found in alcoholic beverages, but ethanol also makes an effective motor fuel. There have been decades of motor fuel application experience in the United States and other countries with ethanol.

Ethanol is also being used to formulate a blend with

diesel fuel, known as "E-Diesel", and as a replacement

for leaded aviation gasoline in small aircraft.

Ethanol has a lower energy content than gasoline. result in increased engine efficiency and

performance.

What is Hydrogen?

Hydrogen is the simplest, lightest and most plentiful element in the universe. In its normal gaseous state, hydrogen is : Colorless odorless tasteless, non-toxic and burns invisibly. It should not be considered a "fuel," but instead, should be considered as an

energy transport mechanism.

Possible hydrogen vehicles in the future may be:

Vehicles with internal combustion engines using pure hydrogen, or using a mix of hydrogen and natural gas. Vehicles with fuel cells that use hydrogen that's produced either on-board by converting liquid fuels (gasoline, ethanol, or methanol) to hydrogen, or by using direct hydrogen that has been generated off-board and stored on the vehicle in compressed or liquid form.

Fuel cells generate electricity from a catalyst-facilitated chemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen ions in a cell. Several cells combined make up a fuel cell stack.

Fuel cell systems have relatively few moving parts, and their only by products are water and heat when pure hydrogen is used as the fuel.

What is GTL?

Gas-to-Liquid (GTL) fuels are fuels that can be produced from natural gas, coal and biomass using a FischerTropsch chemical reaction process. The liquids produced include naphtha, diesel, and chemical feedstocks. The resulting GTL diesel can be used neat or blended with today's diesel fuel and used in existing diesel engines and infrastructure. These fuels provide an opportunity to reduce dependence on petroleum-based fuels and reduce tailpipe emissions. Natural gas is four times more expensive to transport than oil. Converting remote natural gas into a liquid before transport is more cost-effective.

Unmodified diesel engines, fueled with neat GTL, show the following average emission reductions compared to typical diesel.

The renewable sources are cost effective, userfriendly, so that they can easily beat the fossil fuels By promoting renewable energy sources we can avoid, Air pollution, soil pollution and water pollution Countrys Economy will increase Due to technological advancement vehicles are made with improved fuel efficiency and also perfect hybrid vehicle are made Throughout the year these sources are available without affecting the Environment