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Water heating is a thermodynamic process using an energy source to heat water above its initial temperature. Typical domestic uses of hot water are for cooking, cleaning, bathing, and space heating. In industry, both hot water and water heated to steam have many uses.

Domestically, water is traditionally heated in vessels known as water heaters, kettles, cauldrons, pots, or coppers. These metal vessels heat a batch of water but do not produce a continual supply of heated water at a preset temperture. The temperature will vary based on the consumption rate of hot water, use more and the water becomes cooler. Appliances for providing a more-or-less constant supply of hot water are variously known as water heaters, boilers, heat exchangers, calorifiers, or geysers depending on whether they are heating potable or nonpotable water, in domestic or industrial use, their energy source, and in which part of the world they are found. But here we will deal with water heating geysers.

Geysers or water heaters are gas, oil or electric-fired devices used to heat water for residential and commercial use. The most common types are storage water heaters and demand water heaters. Storage water heaters : water heaters work by heating up water in an insulated tank can store water up to 20 to 80 gallons. Storage water heaters are fueled by electricity, natural gas, or oil. An on demand water heater provides hot water without any storage tank. An on demand water heater uses gas, electricity, or propane as the heat source to heat the water and reduces the energy consumptionby eliminating the standby losses caused by unused hot water in a tank. An on demand water heater is also known as a tankless water heater. A tankless hot water heater constantly delivers hot water by

Storage water heaters :

Storage water heaters work by heating up water in an insulated tank can store water up to 20 to 80 gallons. Storage water heaters are fueled by electricity, natural gas, or oil. These consist of a cylindrical vessel/container

in which water is kept continuously hot and ready for use. Typical sizes for household use range from 75 to 400 litres . These may use electricity, natural gas, propane, heating oil, solar, or other energy sources. Compared to tankless heaters, storage water heaters have the advantage of using energy (gas or electricity) at a relatively slow rate, storing the heat for later use. Larger vessel/containers tend to provide hot water with less temperature fluctuation at moderate flow rates.

An on demand water heater provides hot water without any storage tank. An on demand water heater uses gas, electricity, or propane as the heat source to heat the water and reduces the energy consumption by eliminating the standby losses caused by unused hot water in a tank. An on demand water heater is also known as a tankless water heater. A tankless hot water heater constantly delivers hot water by activating its heating device with the flow of water. . These water heaters instantly heat water as it flows through the device, and do not retain any water internally except for what is in the heat exchanger coil.Tankless heaters are often installed throughout a household at more than one point-of-use (POU), far from the central water heater, or larger models may still be used to provide all the hot water requirements for an entire house. The main advantages of tankless water heaters are a continuous flow of hot water and energy savings .

on demand water heater

There are many other types of water heaters available. Examples include a hot water heater, electric water heater, solar water heater, and gas water heater. Lets have a look over Different types of geyser! A hot water geyser consists of a heavy steel tank to hold water that is insulated. The thermostat and heating elements are used respectively to control temperature

and to heat the water inside the tank. H ot water heaters that have residual hot water storage in a vessel/container heat, electrical water heaters can be a good match for an intelligent electrical power distribution system, heating when the electrical grid load is low and turning off when the load is high.
Electric water geyser: An electric water heater is an insulated tank in which the electrical elements controlled by thermostat heats the water.

The tank can store from 20 to 80 gallons of water. On the average, water heaters last for 13 years. Electrical water heaters can be a good match for an intelligent electrical power distribution system, heating when the electrical grid load is low and turning off when the load is high. This could be implemented by allowing the power supplier to send load-shedding requests, or by the use of real-time energy pricing. Solar water heater: A solar water heater uses solar energy to heat water. A solar water heater uses a small solar electric (photovoltaic) module to provide power to pump, which then circulates the heat transfer fluid through collectors. solar collectors are installed outside dwellings, typically on the roof or nearby. Nearly all models are the direct-gain type, consisting of flat panels in which water circulates. Other types may use dish or trough mirrors to concentrate sunlight on a collector tube filled with water, brine or other heat transfer fluid. A storage vessel/container is placed indoors or out. Circulation is caused by natural convection or by a small electric pump. A gas water heater is also widely used because it is less expensive and heats water quickly. gas heaters are most popular in the United States and most European countries, since the gas is often conveniently piped throughout cities and towns and currently is the cheapest to use.