Horizontal Milling Machines and Accessories

Session 12
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Horizontal Milling Machines

1. Manufacturing-type
Cutter height is controlled by vertical movement of headstock Designed for specific milling operations

2. Special-type

3. Knee-and-column-type
Relationship between cutter height and work controlled by vertical movement of table
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Manufacturing-Type
Used primarily for quantity production of identical parts Distinctive features
Automatic cycle of cutter and work approach Rapid movement during non-cutting cycle Automatic spindle stop

Manufacturing-Type
Two common types
Plain manufacturing type Small plain automatic knee and column type

Plain Manufacturing Type Milling Machine

Special-Type Machines
Designed for individual milling operations Used for only one particular type of job

Completely automatic
Employed when hundreds or thousands of similar pieces are to be machined
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Machining Centers
Capable of handling wide variety of work all in one setup
Straight and contour milling, drilling, reaming, tapping, and boring

Capable of high production rates while still maintaining high degree of accuracy
Rugged construction, reliable controls Anti-backlash ball screws
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Machining Centers

Knee-and-Column-Type Milling Machines

Machines in this class fall into three categories:
Plain horizontal milling machine Universal horizontal milling machines Vertical milling machines

Universal Horizontal Milling Machines

Difference from plain horizontal machine is addition of table swivel housing
Located between table and saddle Permits table to be swiveled 45 in either direction in a horizontal plane

Used for milling of helical grooves in twist drills, milling cutters, and gears
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Universal Horizontal Milling Machine

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Milling Machine Parts

Base
Gives support and rigidity to machine Acts as reservoir for cutting fluids

Column face
Precision-machined and scraped section used to support and guide knee when moved vertically

Knee
Houses feed mechanism Attached to column face and moved vertically

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Milling Machine Parts

Saddle On top of knee Moved in or out by means of crossfeed handwheel (manually or automatically) Swivel table housing Fastened to saddle on universal milling machine Enables table to be swiveled 45 either side of centerline
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Milling Machine Parts

Table Rests on guideways in saddle and travels left and right Supports vise and work Crossfeed handwheel Used to move table in and out Table handwheel Used to move table left and right
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Milling Machine Parts

Feed dial Used to regulate table feeds Spindle Provides drive for attachments, arbors, cutters Overarm Provides for correct alignment and support of arbor and various attachments Can be adjusted and locked in various positions

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Milling Machine Parts

Arbor support Fitted to overarm and can be clamped Aligns and supports various attachments Elevating screw Gives upward or downward movement to knee and table (manually or automatically) Spindle speed dial Set by crank used to regulate spindle speed
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Backlash Eliminator
Eliminates backlash (play) between nut and table lead screw
Permits operation of climb (down) milling Two independent nuts mounted on lead screw Nuts engage common crown gear which meshes with rack Axial movement of rack controlled by backlash eliminator engaging knob on front of saddle Turning knob in, nuts forced to move along lead screw in opposite directions

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Machine Backlash Eliminator

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Milling Machine Accessories

Wide variety of accessories greatly increase versatility and productivity Accessories classed as fixtures or attachments
Work-holding device fastened to table Designed to hold workpieces that cannot be readily held in vise or when large quantities are to be machined
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Milling Machine Attachments

1. Designed to hold special attachment that increase versatility of machine Vertical, high-speed, universal, rack milling, slotting 2. Designed to hold standard cutters Arbors, collets, and adapters 3. Designed to hold workpiece Vise, rotary table, indexing (dividing) head
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Vertical Milling Attachment

Enables plain or universal milling machine to be used as a vertical milling machine
Mounted on face of column or overarm

Angular surfaces made by swiveling head, parallel to face of column up to 45 either side of vertical Used for face milling, end milling, drilling, boring and T-slot milling Universal milling attachment modification allows swiveling in two planes for cutting compound angles
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Rack Milling Attachment

Used to mill longer gear racks (flat gears) than could be cut with standard horizontal milling machine
Rack indexing attachment included

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Slotting Attachment
Converts rotary motion of spindle into reciprocating motion
Cutting keyways, splines, templates, and irregularly shaped surfaces

Length of stroke controlled by adjustable crank Tool slide may be swiveled to any angle in plane parallel to face of column
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Arbors
Arbors
Used for mounting milling cutter Inserted and held in main spindle by draw bolt

Shell-end mill arbors

Permit face milling horizontally or vertically Fit into main spindle

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Collets and Adapters

Collet adapters
used for mounting drills or other taperedshank tools in main spindle of machine or vertical milling attachment

Quick-change adapter
Mounted in spindle Permits such operations as drilling, boring, and milling without change in setup of workpiece
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Arbors, Collets, and Adapters

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Milling Machine Vises

Plain vise
Jaws parallel or 90 to axis of spindle

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Milling Machine Vises

Swivel base vise
Can swivel through 360 in horizontal plane

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Milling Machine Vises

Universal vise
Can swivel through 360 in horizontal plane and tilted from 0 to 90 in vertical plane

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Fixturing Systems

Easy-to-adjust Stop
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Indexing or Dividing Head

Permits cutting of bolt heads, gear teeth, ratchets Revolve work as required to cut helical gears and flutes in drills, reamers, and other tools
When connected to lead screw of milling machine

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Horizontal Boring Mill

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Horizontal Boring Mill

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