PROPAGANDA MOVEMENT:

Began in 1872 Not a radical movement nor independence but a peaceful

campaign for reforms such as:

o Equality of Filipinos and Spaniards

o Assimilation of the Philippines as a regular province of

Spain o Restoration of Philippine representation in the Spanish Cortes o Secularization of Philippine Parishes o Individual Liberties for the Filipino people (freedom of speech/press/redress of grievances)

PROPAGANDA MOVEMENT:
Began in 1872 Not a radical movement but a peaceful campaign for

reforms such as:

o Equality of Filipinos and Spaniards

o Assimilation of the Philippines as a regular province of

Spain o Restoration of Philippine representation in the Spanish Cortes o Secularization of Philippine Parishes o Individual Liberties for the Filipino people (freedom of speech/press/redress of grievances)

MARCELO H. DEL PILAR

lawyer and journalist from Bulacan
During Pintakasi (cockfighting day) he spoke out to

the crowd by satirizing corrupt officials and friars. Sought to reach people through his pen. wrote anti-friar pamphlets in simple yet forceful Tagalog. helped established the first bilingual newspaper, Diaryong Tagalog He became the editor in the Tagalog section.

MARCELO H. DEL PILAR

Released Dasalan at Tocsohan - manual of anti-clerical

commentary in the format of a novena His stay in the country became dangerous. house was burned mysteriously left the country in October 1888 to escape persecution.

GRACIANO LOPEZ-JAENA
He wrote Fray Botod/Friar fatbelly in 1874.
Looked like hungry mosquito and soon became stout

because of the stocks taken from people. Because of his anti-clerical literature, he moved Madrid where he joined other Filipino expatriates into journalism.

JOSE P. RIZAL
Calamba, Laguna
1882, he went to Madrid to study medicine Socio-historical novel Noli Me tangere in 1887.

Noli reflected the defects of the Spanish rule in the

Philippines, particularly the abuses of the friars. The impact of the reading in the Philippines was so intense that it was prohibited in the Philippines.

Other great Filipino reformist:

Perdo A. Paterno, lawyer
Antonio Luna, pharmacist and essayist Pedro Serrano Laktaw, teacher-tutor of Prince Alfonso

Isabelo de los Reyes, folklorist and newspaperman

Juan Luna, painter (spoliarium) Felix Resurreccion Hidalgo, painter

La Solidaridad
Sol/newspaper/feb. 15, 1889
Solidarity/purely Filipino organization Established in Barcelona on December 31,1888.

To make known the objectives of the Propaganda.

printed in Barcelona from Feb to Oct 1889

sol contributors
M.H. Del Pilar - Plaridel
Rizal Dimas Alang, Laong Laan Mariano Ponce Naning, Kalipulako, Tigbalang

Antonio Luna Taga-Ilog

Ferdinand Blumentritt Miguel Morayta Rizals professor in University of

Madrid

THE AIMS OF LA SOLIDARIDAD

To collect, gather libertarian ideas which are manifested daily in the

field of politics, science, art, literature, commerce, agriculture, and industry. To discuss all problems relating to the general interest of the nation To seek solutions to those problems in high-level and democratic manner. DEL PILAR: The removal of the friars and the secularization of the parishes. Active participation in the affairs of the government. Freedom of speech, of the press, and of the assembly A wider social and political freedom Equality before the law Assimilation

MASONRY
Helped them in their fight for reforms
Revolucion 1st Filipino Masonic lodge

founded by Jaena in Barcelona. wanted reforms, representation in the Spanish Cortes

La Liga Filipina
Founded by Rizal on July 30, 1892 at the residence of

Doroteo Ongjunco in Ilaya, Tondo, Manila. Sort of a mutual aid and self-help society, dispensing scholarship funds and legal aids, loaning capital and setting up cooperatives. Unus Instar Omnium (one like all) Served as an avowal of their ideals.

Objectives:
Unification of the whole archipelago into one compact
Vigorous and homogenous body Protection in cases of want and necessity

Defense against violence and injustices

Encouragement of instruction, agriculture and

commerce Study and implementation of reforms

This situation alarmed the Spanish authority. July 6, 1892 - Rizal was secretly arrested by
order of Governor General Despujol; subsequently imprisoned at Fort Santiago; deported to Dapitan, Zamboanga del Norte for his allegedly subversive material the next day.

KALAYAAN served as mouthpiece of the association RED FLAG with 3 Ks has been adopted.

AUGUST 26, 1896 Bonifacio ended a

stormy meeting by tearing his cedula into pieces before his followers.

REVOLUTIONARY MOVEMENT:
o First Phase: Ended with the PACT OF BIAK NA BATO

signed on Dec. 14, 1897. o Rivalry between Bonifacio and Aguinaldo came to a head o Aguinaldo was elected President while Bonifacio was chosen as Minister of the Interior. o When Bonifacio summoned another meeting, the Aguinaldo group ignored.

o MAY 10, 1897 Bonifacio and his brother

was taken to the top of Mt. Buntis where Lazaro Makapagal was ordered by Mariano Noriel to shoot them both.

PHILIPPINE INDEPENDENCE:
May 21, 1898 HOUR OF LIBERATION as Aguinaldo called up the Filipinos to rise in arms Three days later, Aguinaldo assumed DICTATORIAL POWERS.

JUNE 12, 1898 Dictator aguinaldo proclaimed the

independence of a new Philippine Republic with its own flag (sewn by Mrs. FELIPE AGONCILLO) and its own national anthem (composed by JULIAN FELIPE).

August 1, 1898 Promulgated the ACT OF INDEPENDECE