Unit 1 Present perfect tense

Grammar & Usage

Unit 1 Present perfect tense
1.1 Using the present perfect tense for an action in the
past that continues in the present

1.2 Using the present perfect tense to talk about an

action that started in the past and is still continuing
1.3 The past participle of the verb be
1.4 Adverbs/adverbial phrases used with the present
perfect tense
Practice

Part A

Part B

Part C

Part F

Part G

Part H

Part D

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Part E

Unit 1 Present perfect tense

1.1

We use the present perfect tense for an action in the past

that continues in the present.
Hi, Paul. Is
Kate in?

Hi, Ann. No, she

has gone to the
supermarket.

Kate went out some time ago. When Paul says that Kate has
gone to the supermarket, he is telling Ann that Kate is still
out and is not at home now.
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Unit 1 Present perfect tense

The present perfect is formed by have/has + the

past participle of the verb.

My parents are here. They have returned from

their holiday.
I cant borrow any books now. I have lost my
library card.

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Unit 1 Present perfect tense

The past participle often ends in -ed (i.e. the same form
as that of the past tense form of a verb).
Can I watch TV now,
Mum? I have finished
my homework.

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Unit 1 Present perfect tense

The past participle of many important verbs, however,

is irregular. (See Appendix 1 for details.)
Is your brother
coming?

Im afraid not. He
has caught a cold.

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Unit 1 Present perfect tense

2 The negatives and questions are formed in this way.

Have you seen
Paul?

No, I have not

seen him today.

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Unit 1 Present perfect tense

3 In conversation, we often use the contracted

forms.
I have/Ive washed my hands.
We have not/havent told her the news.

She has/Shes left for school.

Mrs Chan has not/hasnt cooked dinner yet.

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Unit 1 Present perfect tense

1.2 We also use the present perfect tense to talk about

something that started in the past and continues up
to the present. Very often we use the tense in this
way with for and since.
Brian knows this district very well. He has lived
here for more than 10 years/since 1996.

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Unit 1 Present perfect tense

We use for with a period of time: for two days, for

several months, for a long time, etc.

We use since following a specific time or event:

since yesterday, since last week, since he came here,
since she was born, etc.

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Unit 1 Present perfect tense

1.3 The past participle of the verb be (am, are, is, was,
were) is been.

You speak Cantonese very

well, Mr Smith. How long
have you been in Hong Kong?

I have been here for

four years/since 2003.

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Unit 1 Present perfect tense

Compare:

Mr Chan isnt in his office now.

Mr Chan is back now. He has

He has gone for lunch.

been to the canteen.

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Unit 1 Present perfect tense

1.4

In addition to for and since, the present perfect tense is also

used with other adverbs/adverbial phrases such as just,
recently, lately, yet, ever, never, before, once, so far, up
to now, etc.
Have you ever been to Shanghai?
No, Ive never been there.
Fred, this is Carol.
I know. Weve already met.

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Unit 1 Present perfect tense

Is your brother here?

No, he hasnt arrived yet.
Hes on the way here.

What about Susan? Has she

come yet?
No, not yet. Were all
waiting for her.

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Unit 1 Present perfect tense

Do you know that boy?

No, I havent seen him before.

How many times have you

been to Beijing?
Ive been there only once.

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Unit 1 Present perfect tense

Would you like some cake?

No, thanks, Ive just eaten lunch.

Have you been busy lately?

Yes, Ive had a lot to do recently.

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Unit 1 Present perfect tense

Hows Sally?
I dont know. I havent heard from
her so far. ( = up to now)

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Unit 1 Present perfect tense

Practice
A
2

_______________________________________
have passed the examination

has taken it away

_______________________________________

has gone to bed

_______________________________________

has fallen down

_______________________________________

has cut her finger

_______________________________________

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Unit 1 Present perfect tense

has broken one of its legs

_______________________________________

has drunk the milk

_______________________________________

has broken down

_______________________________________

has stopped
10 _______________________________________
has cleaned the windows
11 _______________________________________
has borrowed a novel
12 _______________________________________

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Unit 1 Present perfect tense

B
2

_______________________________________
He hasnt found a job

She hasnt been here

_______________________________________

He hasnt got a licence.

_______________________________________

_______________________________________
The Lees havent moved in

I havent started
_______________________________________

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Unit 1 Present perfect tense

I havent seen you

_______________________________________

Miss Wong hasnt come back

_______________________________________

I havent spoken to him

_______________________________________

Ann hasnt been well

10 _______________________________________

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Unit 1 Present perfect tense

C
2

_______________________________________
She has never been late

They have never worked together

_______________________________________

She has never been abroad.

_______________________________________

_______________________________________
They have never had a quarrel.

I have never seen him

_______________________________________

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Unit 1 Present perfect tense

It has never broken down.

_______________________________________

we have never had a problem

_______________________________________

She has never been to a circus.

_______________________________________

I have never eaten durian

10 _______________________________________

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Unit 1 Present perfect tense

D
2

_______________________________________
hes just left.

theyve just arrived.

_______________________________________

Ive just told her.

_______________________________________

_______________________________________
Hes just bought a car.

the shows just started.

_______________________________________

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Unit 1 Present perfect tense

Ive just heard the news

_______________________________________

its just stopped.

_______________________________________

The posts just arrived

_______________________________________

Hes just recovered

10 _______________________________________

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Unit 1 Present perfect tense

E
2

_______________________________________
shes already seen the film.

Shes already arrived.

_______________________________________

hes already gone to bed.

_______________________________________

_______________________________________
Ive already read it.

Ive already posted it.

_______________________________________

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Unit 1 Present perfect tense

Hes already called her.

_______________________________________

Ive already done my shopping.

_______________________________________

theyve already made up.

_______________________________________

Ive already put it

10 _______________________________________

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Unit 1 Present perfect tense

F
2

_________________
Shes gone

_________________
Hes gone

_________________
Hes been

_________________
shes gone

_________________
Hes been
The students
have gone
_________________

_________________
Ive just been

10 _________________
Ive been

_________________
Shes been

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Unit 1 Present perfect tense

G (a)
2

_______________________________________
Have you heard

Has she booked

_______________________________________

Have they printed

_______________________________________

_______________________________________
Has she been

have you said

_______________________________________

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Unit 1 Present perfect tense

G (b)
2

_______________________________________
Have you ever played tennis?

Have you ever been to Beijing?

_______________________________________

Have your parents ever beaten you?

_______________________________________

_______________________________________
Has Peggy ever come to your house?

Have you ever lost your ID card?

_______________________________________

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Unit 1 Present perfect tense

G (c)
2

_______________________________________
How long has she been there?

How many times have you seen it?

_______________________________________

How many times have you rung him?

_______________________________________

_______________________________________
How long has he been ill?

How long has it been out of order?

_______________________________________

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Unit 1 Present perfect tense

H
2

____________________
bring/brought

____________________
develops

____________________
has ever touched

____________________
suffers

____________________
has become

____________________
has he made

____________________
becomes/has
become

10 ____________________
has he directed

____________________
always finds

have tried/am trying

11 ____________________

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Unit 1 Present perfect tense

have surfed
12 ____________________
13 ____________________
havent been
have written
14 ____________________
havent received
15 ____________________

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