ENERGY EFFICIENT BUILDINGS

Click to edit Master subtitle style

SUBMITTED BY : NISHI GANDHA RAI BARCH VIII

4/14/12

CONTENTS :1.

INTRODUCTION OF ENERGY EFFICIENT BUILDINGS 1.A INTRODUCTION 1.B AIM 1.C OBEJCTIVE 1.D- SCOPE 1.E- HISTORY 1.F- SIGNIFICANCE AND NEED 1.G- METHODLOGY OF WORK 2 . WHAT IS ENERGY EFFICIENT BUILDING ? 1.H- CONCLUSION ITS COMPONENT AND SUB DIVISION BEHAVE OF ENERGY EFFICIENT BUILDING WITH 4/14/12 RESPECT TO CLIMATE

3.TYPE OF ENERGY EFFICIENT ARCHITECTURE 3A- Green architecture 3B- Eco friendly 3C- Sustainable design / architecture 3D- Renewable architecture 3E- Bio climate architecture 4.HOW MAKE YOUR BUILDING ENERGY EFFICIENT ? Green architecture TECHNIQUES Eco friendly Materials Sustainable design / Technology architecture Machinery Renewable architecture Design criteria with 4/14/12 respect to climate

Green architecture Eco friendly Sustainable design / architecture Renewable architecture

4/14/12

5. THE PROBLEM5.A- THE BASIC ISSUES 5.B- RELEVANCE 6. CASE STUDY 1- MULTI-TENANTED IT PARK AT VIKROLI (MUMBAI) 2- SCHNEIDER ELECTRIC (CALIFORNIA) 7. ENEGY EFFICIENT BUILDINGS IN INDIAN CONTEXT 8.INFERANCES & CONCLUSION
4/14/12

CHAPTE R -1 INTRODUCTION OF ENERGY EFFICIENT BUILDINGS

Percentage of total energy input to a machine or equipment that is consumed in useful work and not wasted as useless heat.

ENERGY EFFICIENT BUILDINGS

energy efficiency, is the goal to expend less energy

What is meant by energy efficiency? Efficiency involves reduced energy consumption for acceptable levels of comfort, air quality and other occupancy requirements, including the4/14/12 used in energy manufacturing building materials and in construction.

AIM : THE PURPOSE IS TO ACHIEVE COMFORT WITH THE LEAST AMOUNT OF ENERGY INPUT . OBJEC TIVE TO STUDY DIFFERENT METHODS USED IN FOLLOWING TYPES OF ARCHITECTURE . GREEN ARCHITECTURE

SOLAR ARCHITECTURE RENEWABLE ARCHITECTURE

BIO-CLIMATIC ARCHITECTURE

4/14/12

SCOPE OF WORK ENERGY EFFICIENT BUILDING ARE THOSE IN WHICH PEOPLE CAN SAVE THEIR MONEY AND ENERGY . ENERGY EFFICIENT BUILDINGS CONCEPT IS MORE MULTIPURPOSE . HIST ORY the historical development of energy efficient buildings from the 5th Century B.C. In india The concept of energy efficient buildings and the environment pollution concern in the 1970s

Energy Star is an international standard for energy efficient consumer products originated in the United States of America. It was first created as a United States government program during the early 1990s,

4/14/12

Need of Energy Efficient Buildings Demand for energy is increasing fast day by day and is likely to increase in tune with industrialization/ urbanization The building sector being one of the largest consumers of energy, has gained prominence over the past few decades. 45% of total global energy is used in heating, cooling and lighting of building. 5% energy is used in building construction.

In India energy used for air conditioning of commercial buildings accounts for 32% of the total energy consumption in the commercial 4/14/12 sector in 1995.

CHAPTER

4/14/12

 What is energy efficient BUILDING ? Percentage of total energy input to a machine or equipment that is consumed in useful work and not wasted as useless heat. Efficiency involves reduced energy consumption for acceptable levels of comfort, air quality and other occupancy requirements, including the energy used in manufacturing building materials and in construction.

Energy efficiency factors in buildings vary according to geography, climate, building type and location. 4/14/12

ENERGY USE PATTERN IN BUILDING

Lighting 60% Air conditioning 32% Other applications 8%

In conventional Indian buildings, energy consumption is 200 kWh per sq. meter

This energy consumption can be reduced to 120 kWh per sq. meter by applications of energy

4/14/12

efficient building techniques Saving up to 60% can be achieved.

by .TYPE OF ENERGY EFFICIENT ARCHITECTURE Green architecture Eco friendly Sustainable design / architecture Renewable architecture Bio climate architecture

4/14/12

GREEN ARCHITECTUR E WHAT IS GREEN ARCHITECTURE ?

Green architecture aim to reduce theenviron impactof buildings. the process of restructuring or creating a building or structure in such a manner in which the damage done to the environment would be kept to a minimum.

the mainpurpose of the green architectureis to efficiently use the existing resources or to use as many recyclable resources as possible.

4/14/12

GREEN ARCHITECTURE

green building, is the creating structures WHICH ARE energy-efficient throughout a buildings lifecycle: from sitting to architectural design, construction, operation, maintenance, renovation, and deconstruction.

IN GREEN BUILDING CONCEPT USE OF GREEN ARCHITECTURE : WHICH CONTENTS NATURAL

4/14/12

Benefits of Green BUILDING Green homes can have tremendous benefits, both tangible and intangible. The most tangible benefits are the reduction in water and energy consumption . The energy savings could range from 20 30 % and water savings around 30 50%.

4/14/12

Intangible benefits of

Principles of Green Architecture,

Site and its surroundings Energy Efficiency Water Efficiency c Indoor Air Quality Waste Reduction Low maintenance costs
4/14/12

Site and its surroundings

4/14/12

SO WHATS THE POINT ? THE MAIN GOALS OF GREEN ARCHITECTURE:

RESOURCE EFFICIENCY :

ENERGY WATER

REDUCTION OF:

Site Selection and WASTE Planning

Local POLLUTION Regulations Construction ENVIRONMENT DEGRADATION Mandatory Requirement 1 Goal: To ensure that the building complies with the required

4/14/12

Site and its surroundings

Site follows Local Regulations To ensure that the building complies with the required statutory regulatory codes. Soil Erosion To control soil erosion and there by reduce negative impacts to the site. Natural Topography or Landscape 15%: Minimize disturbances to the building site so as to reduce long-term environmental Effect - Roof : 50%, 75% Reduce Heat Island impacts. heat islands (thermal gradient differences between developed and undeveloped
4/14/12

Parking Facilities for Visitors To provide adequate parking within the site to minimize disturbance caused due to parking on public roads and thereby enhance quality of life.

Electric Charging Facility for Vehicles To encourage the use of electric vehicles to reduce pollution from automobile use. Green Home Guidelines Design
4/14/12

Energy Efficiency

4/14/12

Energy Efficiency

CFC-Free Equipment the use of such refrigerants and ozone layer depleting gases which will negativelycfc means :environment impact the free of chlorofluorocarbons. harmful chemicals that eat away at the ozone. they were most commonly found in aerosol cans, but have since been linked to the degradation of the atmosphere.

4/14/12

Energy Performance of buildings Optimise energy efficiency of the building to reduce environmental impacts from excessive energy use.

Window Glazing U Value ( u value means - thermal conductance) SHGC Value solar heat gain coefficient by proper shading and glass selection Overall Roof Assembly U Value Wall Assembly U Value

4/14/12

Interior Lighting Electricity Exterior Lighting Electricity Space Heating Natural Gas Space Cooling Electricity Fans - Interior Electricity Plug loads & other miscellaneous loads Electricity Service Water Heating Electricity

Solar Water Heating Systems : 50%, 75%, 95% The minimum hot water requirement for domestic purposes should be calculated for 25 litters per person per day. 4/14/12

Water Efficiency

4/14/12

Water Efficiency Rainwater Harvesting, 50% To increase the ground water table or to reduce the usage of water through effective and appropriate rainwater management.

Provide rainwater harvesting or storage system to capture at least 50% of the runoff volumes from the roof surfaces.

Runoff coefficients for Typical Surface Types S.No Surface Type Runoff
4/14/12

Geotextilesare permeable fabrics

4/14/12

Water Efficient Fixtures To minimize indoor water usage by installing efficient water fixtures. Using low-flow toilets is an easy, cost-effective way of reducing water consumption. Low-flow toilets generally use about 2 gallons less water per flush than conventional toilets,

Turf Design : 20%, 40% To limit such landscape which consumes large quantities of water. Areas planted with turf should not exceed 4/14/12 a slope of 25 percent

What is Green Plumbing?

Heating Helps in the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. 4/14/12 High efficiency water heaters

Gray Water / Rainwater Catchment An alternative water supply collect or redirect water for other uses.

Other Plumbing Services

4/14/12

Drought Tolerant Species : 25% Landscape to be designed to ensure minimum consumption of water. Ensure that at least 25% of the landscaped area is planted with drought tolerant species. Grey Water Treatment : 50%, 75%, 95% Reduce the consumption of water by treatment of grey water Provide an on-site grey water treatment 4/14/12 system to treat at least 50% of grey water

Water Metering Design To encourage continuous monitoring and enhance the performance of the residential dwelling unit Provide water meters for any three of the following: Treated grey water consumption Landscape water consumption Rain water reuse Air conditioning cooling tower make-up Hot water consumption

4/14/12

Mater ials Separation of Wastes Provide separate bins at individual house level to collect organic waste, plastics and paper. Waste Reduction during Construction : 75% Minimize construction waste being sent to landfills. Avoid at least 75% of the waste generated during construction from being sent to landfills
4/14/12

Organic Waste Management, 50%, 95% Install on-site waste treatment technology for treating organic waste. The output from such systems like manure, power, etc., should be reused insitu Materials with Recycled Content : 10%, 20% To encourage the use of products which contain recycled materials to reduce environmental impacts

Rapidly Renewable Materials : 2.5%, 5% Maximise the use of materials which are rapidly renewable. Use rapidly renewable building materials and 4/14/12 products (made from plants that are typically

Material Efficiency

4/14/12

Local Materials : 50%, 75% the use of building materials available locally thereby minimising the associated environmental impacts. the use of building materials available locally thereby minimising the associated environmental impacts. Certified Wood Based Building Materials and Furniture : 50%, 75% Use certified woods for building .

4/14/12

Indoor Air Quality

4/14/12

Indoor Air Quality

Day lighting :

To ensure connectivity between the interior and the exterior environment, by providing good day lighting. Fresh Air Ventilation For Air Conditioned Spaces: Design a ventilation system for air conditioned spaces, to meet a requirement (cubic feet per minute) of 5 cfm per person for each air conditioned space. For Non-Air conditioned Spaces: Install openable windows or doors in living spaces, kitchens and

4/14/12

Exhaust Systems To ensure that kitchens and bathrooms are better ventilated to improve indoor environment. Enhanced Fresh Air Ventilation

Window openings where the angle of obstruction of objects obscuring the sky dome is greater than 70 from the

4/14/12

The layout and shape of the interior determine the effectiveness of day lighting and natural ventilation. 4/14/12

Design ceiling heights 9 ft. 6 in. or greater to permit the use of taller windows.

Separate the window into upper and lower portions, to independently control daylight, natural ventilation and view.

Use light colors on interior surfaces, especially walls and ceilings, to increase the daylight that reaches areas remote from windows.

Use splayed, light-colored window sills

Shape the ceiling and use secondary reflecting 4/14/12 surfaces to further diffuse daylight.

Cross Ventilation Cross-ventilation depends on a continuous airflow path. Open-plan layouts are ideal, but where spaces are subdivided, rooms must be designed to allow airflow in and out, between rooms and through occupied areas.

4/14/12

Ventilation BENEFITS OF VENTILATION FOR Concepts: Prevention of structural damage because of moisture BUILDINGS through natural ventilation Saving in potential investment costs by without air conditioning plant

Reduction of energy consumption Low repair and maintenance expenditure

TYPE OF Increase in value of property VENTILATION Single Sided Ventilation: Positive image for companies by ecological on one side Rooms with windows design of only. Cold air will stream in, and buildings warm air will stream out again 4/14/12 through the same window. This

Single Sided Double Opening: An advancement of the single sided principle provides a double opening, which is considerably more efficient. Cross Ventilation: In the case of cross-ventilation, (windows open on both sides of the room/building) the pressure difference is used between the side of the building facing the wind and the side away from the wind. Stack Ventilation :

4/14/12

Passive Cooling: Floor slabs can absorb heat build-up during daytime usage through a combination of solar gain. As the external temperature drops at night, the building can be cooled by partially
4/14/12

Cross Ventilation

Create cross-draughts by opening doors and windows in different parts of house and allowing the breeze to 4/14/12 move through out house.

Design Process

4/14/12

4/14/12

Baseline Criteria for Energy Performance of the Building A. Envelope Measures: Glazing - U Value

Window to wall ratio

4/14/12