Govt. Girls Sr. Sec.

School, Basti
Sheikh, Jalandhar
Project on The Universe

Presented by:
Smt. Rukmani Devi
Science Mistress

Govt. Girls Sr. Sec. School, Basti Sheikh,

Presented
Jalandhar
by: Smt.Rukmani Devi, Science Mistress
 The Universe
The Solar System
The sun, the nine planets and their moons make up the
solar system. (The word ‘solar’ means of the sun.) Our earth
is part of the solar system.

How the solar system was formed

In the beginning, the solar system was huge, swirling ball of
dust and very hot gases. The centre of this huge spinning
cloud collected to become the Sun. The Sun is at the centre
of our solar system.
Other parts of the original gas cloud collected together in
different places. As the gases cooled, they became liquid
and finally solid. These became the planets and their moons
Govt. Girls Sr. Sec. School, Basti Sheikh,
Presented
Jalandhar
by: Smt.Rukmani Devi, Science Mistress
 The Sun
The sun is still a ball of very hot gases. That is why it
gives out heat and light. A heavenly body that has its
own heat and light is called a star. This means that
the Sun is also a star. There are countless such
stars in the sky with planets revolving around them.
Some of these stars are much bigger then our star—
the Sun.

Govt. Girls Sr. Sec. School, Basti Sheikh,

Presented
Jalandhar
by: Smt.Rukmani Devi, Science Mistress
 The Planets
A Planet is round. It has no lights
of its own. It shines because of the
Sun shines on it. The planets are
moving all the time. A planet has
two kinds of movements. It rotates,
or spins around its axis. It also
revolves on a fixed path around the
Sun. This fixed path is called the
planet’s orbit.
Govt. Girls Sr. Sec. School, Basti Sheikh,
Presented
Jalandhar
by: Smt.Rukmani Devi, Science Mistress
 The Nine Planets
The nine planets in order are Mercury,
Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn,
Uranus, Neptune and Pluto. Each planet is
of different size. Mercury is the smallest
and Jupiter, the biggest. Living things exist
only on the planet Earth alone. The earth
has just the right kind of oxygen-rich air,
water and warmth for plants and animals
to live. We cannot live on any other
planets.
Govt. Girls Sr. Sec. School, Basti Sheikh,
Presented
Jalandhar
by: Smt.Rukmani Devi, Science Mistress
 Sun With Nine Planets

Teacher’s Note: An easy way to learn the planet names in

order– Mom Very Eagerly
Govt. Girls Sr. Sec. School, Basti Sheikh,
Made
Presented
Jalandhar
Jam Sandwiches, Upma,
by: Smt.Rukmani Devi, Science Mistress
Nine Pizzas.
 Venus Planet
Venus and Mercury are near the Sun. So they
are hot. Venus is covered with thick clouds. The
clouds keep it very hot. In fact, it is the hottest
and the brightest planet in our solar system. It
can be seen early in the morning or in the
evening. It is often called the ‘morning star’ or
the ‘evening star’– which is wrong because it is
not a star. Actually, when we look at the night
sky without a telescope, it is difficult for us to tell
a star from a planet.

Govt. Girls Sr. Sec. School, Basti Sheikh,

Presented
Jalandhar
by: Smt.Rukmani Devi, Science Mistress
 Moons
Like the planets, moons are also round bodies but they are smaller
than planets. Our planet Earth has one Moon going around it. Some
of the other planets too have moons going around them. Many have
more than one moon. Moons travel around their planets in fixed
orbits.
A Moon does not have its own light. It shines only when sun light
falls on it. A moon is also called a natural satellite. A satellite is
something which orbits or goes around something bigger than itself.

Govt. Girls Sr. Sec. School, Basti Sheikh,

Presented
Jalandhar
by: Smt.Rukmani Devi, Science Mistress