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John A. Cagle
Interpersonal Communication
Interpersonal communication deals with relationships between people, usually in face-to-face private settings. Interpersonal communication is the primary way relationships are created, maintained, and changed.
FORMALITY: the amount of distance between the people defines the type of relationship, from formal to intimate. ACCESSIBILITY: the openness, willingness to exchange information (self-disclosure). RECIPROCITY: certain behaviors are called for in the relationship and others are prohibited; each person has expectations which must be fulfilled. COMMITMENT: the degree to which each person is uniquely a part of the relationship; the interchangeableness of the people. SPONTANEITY: the freedom or lack of freedom to engage in spontaneous behaviors, free of role expectations of the other.
1. One cannot not communicate. 2. Every communication has a content and a relationship aspect such that the latter defines the former and is therefore metacommunication. 3. Every communication sequence is defined by the way the interactants punctuate communication events. 4. Interpersonal contacts are digital and analogic. 5. Communication relationships are either symmetrical or complementary.
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They agree and mutually understand each other on the content issue, but they still have a relationship conflict. They agree on the content issue, but one or both misunderstand the others position. They disagree on the content issue and understand that they do. They disagree on the content issue and, on top of that, one or both misunderstands the others position. They agree and understand each other on relationship definition, but have a content conflict. They are in relational agreement but misunderstand that they are. They disagree relationally (e.g., both wish to control the relationship) and understand that they do. They disagree relationally and, in addition, misperceive the others relational stance.