Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
CHEMISTRY OF Fire
F
I R E is a chemical reaction of FUEL + ENERGY + OXYGEN in which heat and light energies are also released.
3.
TYPE A (Solids) Paper, Wood, Fabric etc. TYPE B (Liquids) Petroleum Products, Paint, Oil etc. TYPE C (Gases) LPG, CNG, Hydrogen, Acetylenes etc. TYPE D (Metals) Magnesium, Sodium, Potassium etc Type E (Electrical fire)
Fuel classification
Fires If
are classified according to the type of fuel that is burning. you use the wrong type of fire extinguisher on the wrong class of fire, you might make matters worse. very important to understand the four different fire (fuel) classifications
Its
Fuel Classifications
Class
D: Metalspotassium, sodium, aluminum, magnesium. Requires Metal-X, foam, and other special extinguishing agents.
There are three fire extinguishing methods : Starvation :- by removing fuel from fire. - By cutting of fuel supply [ Most effective for gas fire ] Smothering :- blanketing of fuel by coating material, - by inserting of gas, steam/vaporizing liquid Cooling : -natural cooling ( water spray is the most commonly used) [ effective for oxidizing chemicals, fires, etc.,] Breaking chain reaction fourth method
3.
Filled with ordinary tap water and pressurized air, they are essentially large squirt guns.
APWs extinguish fire by taking away the heat element of the Fire Triangle.
CO2s are designed for Class B and C (Flammable Liquids and Electrical Sources)fires only! In accordance with NFPA regulations (and manufacturers recommendations), all CO2 extinguishers at OSU undergo hydrostatic testing and recharge every 5 years.
Carbon dioxide is a non-flammable gas that takes away the oxygen element of the fire triangle. Without oxygen, there is no fire. CO2 is very cold as it comes out of the extinguisher, so it cools the fuel as well.
Carbon di Oxide
Dry chemical extinguishers put out fire by coating the fuel with a thin layer of dust. This separates the fuel from the oxygen in the air.
The powder also works to interrupt the chemical reaction of fire. These extinguishers are very effective at putting out fire.
DC (for Dry Chemical) ABC (can be used on Class A, B, or C fires) BC (designed for use on Class B and C fires)
DCP
DCP(Powder based)
CO2 (Gas based)
B , C Classes
B , C Classes & Electrical Fire
A Class Only
TYPE QUANTITY
AB BC ABC BC 10 8 20 7
Total Numbers
45
If you aim at the flames... the extinguishing agent will fly right through and do no good.
Even if you have an ABC fire extinguisher, there may be something in the fire that is going to explode or produce toxic fumes. Is the fire spreading rapidly beyond the point where it started? The time to use an extinguisher is at the beginning stages of the fire.
IN CASE OF FIRE
Dos
RAISE AN ALARM
Normally by operating a break glass call point) Use a Portable Fire Extinguisher to put of FIRE Leave the room, closing door behind you, using the nearest FIRE EXIT Use the STAIRS an move towards the ground Floor Report to the Fire warden/Responsible person. Inform the Fire Brigade
IN CASE OF FIRE
DO NOT PANIC
Donts
Dont try to use an Extinguisher if you do not know !!! Do not use any Electrical / Electronic Equipments Do not congest towards ONE EXIT only, use alternate EXIT Do Not use LIFTS / Escalators etc Do not Re-enter the building
KEY POINTS
FLASH POINT : Flash point is the minimum temperature at which sufficient vapor given a momentary flash in presence of air AUTO IGNITION TEMPERATURE: It the lowest temperature at which material begins to burn with out heat in presence of air
Operation Gas Cutting Operation Short-Circuits Chemical fire Diesel Drums Oil Spillage LPG Cylinder CH4 generation at waste paper
Personal hazards
Smoke Smoke Death
may result
CONTAINER LABELING
Flammable liquids should have a label such as this: DANGER FLAMMABLE KEEP AWAY FROM HEAT, SPARKS & OPEN FLAMES KEEP CLOSED WHEN NOT IN USE
Symbols
Symbols
Symbols
Symbols
regarding fire prevention and fire extinguishing Safe storage and handling procedures Spill clean-up procedures Proper labeling Use to compare products for hazards such as flash point and flammability range
Spills must be quickly and safely cleaned to prevent flammable vapors from igniting A large quantity of absorbent material should be kept on hand Treat spill clean-up materials as flammable and dispose of separately from the regular trash, preferably in a separate plastic bag Large spills of flammable liquids (more than one quart) need special cleanup procedures
Avoid any kind of source in the near vicinity. to disperse the cloud. Evacuate the area.
Try
REMEMBER !
Remember
Find
Inform Restrict
Epilogue
IN LIFE
Every
Emergency Experience is a Hard Teacher Because She Gives the Test First, the Lesson Afterwards