Flood Disaster Management in the North Indian Plains using GIS Application

By VIMAL SHUKLA SOURABH SHRIVASTAVA MANIT BHOPAL(M.P.)

Contents
Introduction Objectives Study Area Methodology of Study Constraints Recommendations Conclusion

Introduction
What are floods ? What are the role of gis ?

Use of GIS in Flood Management in the two main Rivers of North India, namely the River Ganga and the River Brahmaputra.

FLOODS
A flood may be defined as an overflow coming from some river or from some other body of water. A river may get flooded due to excessive rainfall or excessive melting of snow or due to some other from of ice obstruction in the from of jams. whenever the water overflows the bank of the river , the river is said to be flooded.

Floods

For Example Mumbai Floods

Mumbai Flood: July 2005

Mumbai - Gateway of India

16.5 million people (5th largest city, over double the population of London). City grows vertically, not horizontally no space Slumbai over half the people in slums Offers one-tenth on Indias factory jobs One-third of income tax Earns 40 per cent of foreign trade Bollywood the film capital churns nearly 900 movies a year

The Event
July: Monsoon in Maharashtra July 24 : floods in the province July 26 : 944 mm rain in Mumbai

The villainOffshore vortex

Impact
Power shut down Transport on a standstill Flights cancelled for two days People stranded in offices, roads without food and water Telephones cut off

Geographic Information System (GIS)

It is a computer system capable of integrating, storing, editing, analyzing, sharing, and displaying geographically-referenced information. e.g. GIS can allow emergency planners to easily calculate emergency response times in the event of a natural disaster

Objectives
To Find an alternative to the existing Flood management measures. To have a management plan to assess the Damage To provide a plan which is precise, easily accessible and easy to use. To provide a solution to the problem of flood hazard in long term.

Objective

Study Area
Case Study:1 : -

Study Area
Case Study:2 : -

Methodology of Study
Case Study: 1: Temporary measures given preference. Case Study: 2: Structural approaches have been given more importance.

Constraints
Lack of Suitable Equipments Data Collection and Data accuracy Organization and coordination Political Will

Recommendations
Before Flooding: Calculate the distribution of areas at high risk by comparing historical flood heights with digital elevation model data; Estimate social and economic losses under different alternatives for decision-making or flood routing based on social and economic databases and corresponding models; Suggest the best alternative for population withdrawal from areas at risk; Suggest the best alternative for storing and transporting flood-prevention materials.

Recommendation
During Flooding: Dynamic monitoring of flooded areas; Estimating the expansion of flooded areas according to meteorological and hydrological forecasting; and Optimizing the transport of materials for disaster relief

Recommendation
After Flooding: A system that will calculate the actual flood loses. Provide a data base for relief measures. Helpful in planning of new facilities

Conclusions
GIS technology serves as an efficient monitoring tool. GIS can play a very important role in flood control and disaster mitigation, especially in the serious floods of the Ganga and Brahmaputra Rivers.

THANK YOU