PRESENT PERFECT

We use the present perfect simple to express an action that began in the past until now.
Lembrem-se que ele se chama Present Perfect por uma razo: tem sempre algo relacionado com o presente de quem fala ou da situao da qual se fala.

FORM
[has/have
Examples:
You

+ past participle]

have seen that movie many times. Have you seen that movie many times? You have not seen that movie many times. She has been to Tokyo five times.

You should always remember!

JUST: indica que a ao acabou de acontecer. He has just finished doing his homework. (Ele acabou de terminar de fazer sua tarefa.) EVER: alguma vez na vida. Have you ever gone hiking in the mountains? (Voc j foi fazer trilha nas montanhas?) ALREADY: j (nas frases afirmativas). I have already been to China. (Eu j estive na China.) NEVER: nunca. I have never seen such a beautiful thing. (Nunca vi coisa to Linda.) YET: J (quando se espera que a resposta seja afirmativa) Have you done the dishes yet? (J lavou a loua? Era esperado que voc a lavasse.) 2. ainda (em frases negativas) No, I havent done the dishes yet. (No, no lavei a loua ainda.) SINCE desde. I have been a teacher since 1992. (Sou professor desde 1992.) FOR h, por, faz. I havent seen him for a long time. (No o vejo h/por/faz muito tempo.)

How Do You Actually Use the Present Perfect?

Experience

You can use the Present Perfect to describe your experience. It is like saying, "I have the experience of..." You can also use this tense to say that you have never had a certain experience. The Present Perfect is NOT used to describe a specific event.

How Do You Actually Use the Present Perfect?

Change Over Time

We often use the Present Perfect to talk about change that has happened over a period of time. e.g.
You have grown since the last time I saw you.

How Do You Actually Use the Present Perfect?

Accomplishments

We often use the Present Perfect to list the accomplishments of individuals and humanity. You cannot mention a specific time. e.g.
Man has walked on the Moon.

How Do You Actually Use the Present Perfect?

An Uncompleted Action You Are Expecting

We often use the Present Perfect to say that an action which we expected has not happened. Using the Present Perfect suggests that we are still waiting for the action to happen. e.g.
James has not finished his homework yet.

How Do You Actually Use the Present Perfect?

Multiple Actions at Different Times

We also use the Present Perfect to talk about several different actions which have occurred in the past at different times. Present Perfect suggests the process is not complete and more actions are possible. e.g.
The army has attacked that city five times.

How Do You Actually Use the Present Perfect?

Duration From the Past Until Now (Non-Continuous Verbs)

With Non-Continuous Verbs and non-continuous uses of Mixed Verbs, we use the Present Perfect to show that something started in the past and has continued up until now. "For five minutes," "for two weeks," and "since Tuesday" are all durations which can be used with the Present Perfect. e.g.
I have had a cold for two weeks.

Muse hasnt seen his uncle for 8 years. Elvin has studied in this school since 2001.

I have lived in New York for ten years I havent visited my aunt since 1985.

Look! Everywhere is white. It has snowed.

He has broken his leg. She has had a baby. It is sweet.

Mr. Shukurov have taught Turkish for 5 years. Mr. Yildiz has been our Biology teacher for 3 years

We use present perfect simple to express an action happened in the past but result is in the present. As we gave some example in the last slide.

I have eaten Chinese food I have never seen Akhdamar Island. I have never driven a lorry. Akim has never had a serious accident.

I have been to New York two times.

We use present perfect to talk about our experience . As we have given example in last slide.
It means that how many times I have gone somewhere or tried something or done something etc in my life.

I have phoned him twice today. Scientists have gone to the moon two times this century.

I have read 50 pages this week. Ozal has gone home once this month. It has snowed only two times this year.

We use present perfect to talk about a past action in unfinished period of time. As we have given in last slide.

Shahin has just won the competition.

David has just broken his arm. Orhan has just drunk the milk. Cavid has just come into the classroom.

We use present perfect to talk about in the recent past in sentences with just. As we have just given in last slide.

Exercises:
Has he ever lost his cellphone? No, he has never lost his cellphone.

Have you already cleaned your house? Yes, I have already cleaned my house.

Have they already been to USA? No, they havent been to USA yet.