EXTERNAL GEAR PUMP

External gear pump diagram

Pressure distribution(calculated with HYGESim) and directions of forces acting on gears. Zones of possible wear of machines casing

External spur gear pump exploded view

 How External gear Pumps Work (principle)

As the gears come out of mesh, they create suction at inlet

Liquid travels around peripheral ,not between the gears

Finally, liquid is forced through the outlet under pressure

Advantages High speed (up to 3500 rpm) High pressure (up to 200 bar ) No overhung bearing loads Relatively quiet operation due to smooth flow Design accommodates wide variety of materials maximum pumping efficiency maximum bearing life

Disadvantages Four bushings in liquid area No solids allowed Fixed End Clearances

Applications
Various fuel oils and lube oils Chemical additive and polymer metering Chemical mixing and blending (double pump) Industrial and mobile hydraulic applications (log splitters, lifts, etc.) Acids and caustic (stainless steel or composite construction) Low volume transfer or application

Materials of Construction
Externals (head, casing, bracket) - Iron, ductile iron, steel, stainless steel, high alloys, composites Internals (shafts) - Steel, stainless steel, high alloys, alumina ceramic Internals (gears) - Steel, stainless steel, composite Bushing - Carbon, bronze, silicon carbide, needle bearings Shaft Seal - Packing, lip seal, component mechanical seal, magnetically-driven pump

Efficiency
tot = vol . hm vol - ratio between the actual and the theoretical flow rate vol= 1- ke * p / (N*)

Volumetric efficiency about 93% under optimum conditions

Power-to-weight ratio
measurement of performance comparison of one unit or design to another

References
Fluid Power Handbook & Directory Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Modelling and experimental validation of external spur gear machines for fluid power applications, Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory (journal homepage www.elsevier.com/ locate/simpat )