SCIENCE PROJECT ON PARTS

OF HUMAN BODY
• Name Of The Science • Name Of The Students:-
Teachers:- • Kulwinder Kaur(10th A)
• Mrs Nisha Puri • Vandana(10th A)
• Mrs Jaswant Kaur • Manpreet Kaur(10th B)
• Mrs Inderjeet Kaur • Arpana(10th B)
• Mrs Ruby • Jatinder Kaur(9th A)
• Name Of The Teacher • Navpreet Kaur(9th A)
Trainer:- • Name Of The Student
• Miss Watanjot Kaur Trainer:-
• Mrs Neelam
 HUMAN SKULL
• Skull is the
endoskeleton of
head and lies at the
upper end of
vertebral column due
to erect posture of
body.It is heaviest
part of body.It
consists of four
portions:-
Cranium,Face,Hyoid,
Sensory
Capsules.Skull is
formed of 29 bones.
SIDE VIEW OF HUMAN SKULL
In the Side-View of
Human Skull,we can
see Following Bones:-
• Temporal bone
• Parietal Bone
• Occipital Bone
• Frontal Bone
• Sphenoid Bone
• Zygomatic Bone
DIFFERENT VIEWS OF HUMAN
SKULL
 BRAIN MODEL WITH BLOOD
SUPPLY
CENTRAL PARIETAL
• Brain is SULCUS
FISSURE LOBE
soft,whitish,large sized
and slightly flattened
structure present inside
cranial cavity of GYRI
cranium of the skull.It is
about 1200-1400 gm in
weight. And has more
than 100 billion
neurons.
LATERAL
FISSURE

MEDULLA OBLONGATA SPINAL CORD

 OCCIPITAL MODEL-TOP OF
BRAIN
SPINAL CORD
• The Ventral view of
FRONTAL
Brain shows origin of LOBE
Cranial nerves.The
deeper part of
Cerebrum is formed
PONS
of white matter and is
called Cerebral
Medulla.

MEDULLA
SIDE-VIEW OF BRAIN AND HEAD
Brain is formed of
three parts:-
• Fore Brain or
Prosencephalon
• Mid Brain or
Mesencephalon
• Hind Brain or
Rhombencephalon
 HUMAN EYE
• In Human,there are
one pair,spherical
and small sized(2.5
cm in diameter and
about 7 grams in
weight) eyes
present in eye
sockets or orbits of
the skull.
 DESCRIPTION OF HUMAN EYE
• The Human Eye is roughly
spherical in shape. The
remarkable human eyeball
contains the Retina, a layer of
nerve tissue made up of
millions of light receptors, and
all of the structures needed to
focus light on to it. The Sclera,
the tough outer shell of the
eyeball, is composed of dense
fibrous tissue; a segment of the
sclera, the Cornea is modified
to allow light to pass into the
eye and to aid in focusing. The
eyeball is filled with a
transparent jelly-like material,
the Vitreous Humor, which
maintains its spheroidal shape.
STRUCTURE OF HUMAN EYE
The wall of eye is
formed of 3
coats:-
• Fibrous
Tunic(Sclera,Cor
nea)
• Ciliary part
• Iridial Part
 FUNCTIONS OF HUMAN EAR

Human Ear
performs two
functions:-
• Hearing
• Equilibrium
 STRUCTURE OF HUMAN
EAR
Human ear is
formed of 3
Parts:-
• Pinna
• External
Auditory Canal
• Internal Ear
 HUMAN TEETH
• The Teeth are
embedded in the
alveoli or sockets of
the alveolar ridges of
the mandible and the
maxilla. Each
individual has two
sets:-Temporary
Teeth and Permanent
Teeth.
 STRUCTURE OF A TOOTH
A Tooth has 3 parts:-
• THE CROWN
• THE ROOT CROWN
NECK
• THE NECK

ROOT
HUMAN RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
• This system includes
the lungs, pathways
connecting them to
the outside
environment, and
structures in the chest
involved with moving
air in and out of the
lungs.
 HUMAN NOSE
• The nasal cavity is
the first of the
respiratory organs
and consists of a
large irregular cavity
divided into two equal
passages by a
Septum.
 ABOUT TRACHEA AND
BRONCHIOLES
• Bronchi are reinforced to
prevent their collapse and are
lined with ciliated epithelium
and mucus-producing cells.
Bronchi branch into smaller
and smaller tubes known as
bronchioles. Bronchioles
terminate in grape-like sac
clusters known as alveoli.
Alveoli are surrounded by a
network of thin-walled
capillaries. Only about 0.2 µm
separate the alveoli from the
capillaries due to the extremely
thin walls of both structures
BLOOD CIRCULATION
THROUGH LUNGS
 VENTILATION SYSTEM
• Ventilation is the
mechanics of breathing in
and out. When you
inhale, muscles in the
chest wall contract, lifting
the ribs and pulling them,
outward. The diaphragm
at this time moves
downward enlarging the
chest cavity. Reduced air
pressure in the lungs
causes air to enter the
lungs. Exhaling reverses
theses steps.
 HUMAN LUNGS
Trachea Superior
• There are two Aorta Vena Cava
lungs:-one lying
on each side of
the mid-line in
the thoracic
cavity .One is
Right Lung and
other is Left
Lung.
Right Lung Heart Left Lung
 HUMAN HEART

• The Heart is a
roughly cone-
shaped hollow
muscular
organ.It is
about 10 cm
long and is
about the size
of owner’s fist
 INTERIOR OF THE HEART
Superior Vena Cava
Arch Of
• The Heart is divided Aorta
into left & right side by
the SEPTUM. Each
side is divided by an Pulmonary
Artery
ATRIOVENTRICULAR
VALVE into an
ATRIUM and RA LA
VENTRICLE. LV
Pulmonary
RV
Valve

Papillary Muscle
SEPTUM
SHAPES OF HEART
 REAR VIEW OF HUMAN LIVER
• The Liver is the
largest gland in the
body, weighing
between 1 and 2.3 kg.
It is situated in the L. R. Lobe
Lobe
upper part of the
abdominal cavity. Its
upper and anterior
surfaces are smooth.

Falciform Gall Bladder

Ligament
 LIVER MODEL WITH VASCULAR
STRUCTURE
• The Hepatic artery and Gall Bladder R. Lobe
L. Lobe
the portal vein take
blood to the
Liver.Hepatic
veins,varying in
number,leave the
posterior surface and
immediately enter the
inferior vena cava just
below the diaphragm.

Inferior Vena
Hepatic Artery Cava
 Human Excretory System
• The urinary system is
made-up of the kidneys,
ureters, bladder, and
urethra. The nephron, an
evolutionary modification
of the nephridium, is the
kidney's functional unit.
Waste is filtered from the
blood and collected as
urine in each kidney.
Urine leaves the kidneys
by ureters, and collects in
the bladder. The bladder
can distend to store urine
that eventually leaves
through the urethra
 HUMAN KIDNEYS
• Kidneys are bean-shaped
organs,about 11 cm
long,6 cm wide,3 cm thick
and weigh 150 gm.They
lie on the posterior
abdominal wall,one on
each side of the vertebral
column,behind the
peritoneum and below the
diaphragm.The right
kidney is usually slightly
lower than the left.
 DIAGRAM OF NEPHRON
• The Nephron
• The nephron consists of a cup-
shaped capsule containing
capillaries and the glomerulus, and
a long renal tube. Blood flows into
the kidney through the renal artery,
which branches into capillaries
associated with the glomerulus.
Arterial pressure causes water and
solutes from the blood to filter into
the capsule. Fluid flows through the
proximal tubule, which include the
loop of Henle, and then into the
distal tubule. The distal tubule
empties into a collecting duct. Fluids
and solutes are returned to the
capillaries that surround the
nephron tubule.
 HUMAN DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
• The digestive System is
the collective name used
to describe the alimentary
canal,some accessory
organs and a variety of
digestive processes
which take place at
different levels in the
canal to prepare food
eaten in the diet for
absorption.
 X-RAY OF STOMACH
• The Stomach is a J-
Shaped dilated
portion of the
alimentary tract
situated in the
epigastric, umbilical
and left
hypochondriac
regions of abdominal
cavity.
 HUMAN INTESTINE
• The small STOMACH
LIVER
intestine is a little
over 5 metres
long and lies in GALL
abdominal cavity BLADDER

surrounded by the
large
intestine.The
Large Intestine is
1.5 metres long. SMALL LARGE
INTESTINE INTESTINE
 FUNCTIONS OF SMALL AND
LARGE INTESTINE
• In the Small Intestine:-
• The chemical digestion of
food is completed and
most of the absorption of
nutrient materials takes
place.
• In the Large Intestine:-
• Absorption
• Microbial Activity
• Mass Movement
• Defaecation

LARGE SMALL
INTESTINE INTESTINE
 FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE
SYSTEM

• VAGINA:-It is a
fibromuscular tube
lined with stratified
epithelium
• UTERUS:-It is a
hollow muscular
pear-shaped organ.It
lies in the pelvic
cavity.
• OVARIES:-They are
the female gonads.
• CERVIX:-The bottom
end of the uterus is
called the cervix.
 ORGANS OF FEMALE
REPRODUCTIVE SYSYEM
 ORGANS OF MALE
REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
• 2 Testes
• 2 Epididymides
• 2 Vas Deferens
• 2 Spermatic Cords
• 2 Seminal Vesicles
• 2 Ejaculatory Ducts
• 1 Prostate Gland
• 1 Penis
MALE REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS
• Penis:-The penis has a
root and a body.The root
lies in the perineum and
the body surrounds the
urethra.
• Testicle:-The testes are
the reproductive glands of
the males.They are
surrounded by three
layers of Tissue.