FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

designed to produce,

nourish, and transport the egg to meet the sperm by the male reproductive system to have a union or fertilization.

EXTERNAL GENITALIA
it is called VULVA consist of the labia majora, labia minora, Bartholin's glands, clitoris, and vestibule.

FUNCTIONS:
enabling sperm to enter

the body, protecting the internal genitals from infectious organisms, and providing sexual pleasure

LABIA MAJORA
are folds of tissue that enclose and protect the other external

genitals. The labia majora contain sweat and sebaceous glands, which produce lubricating secretions

LABIA MINORA
lie just inside the labia majora. During sexual stimulation,

increased blood flow causes the labia minora to swell and become more sensitive to stimulation. The surface of the labia minora is kept moist by fluid secreted by specialized cells.

 BARTHOLINS GLAND located just inside the vaginal

opening, secrete lubricating fluid during sexual intercourse. CLITORIS located between the labia minora, is a small protrusion that is very sensitive to sexual stimulation. Stimulating the clitoris can result in an orgasm

VESTIBULE is the tissue between the labia minora, including the openings to the vagina and the urethra (which carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body). The vestibule is highly sensitive and is prone to inflammation.

INTERNAL GENITALIA
VAGINA connects the external genitals

with the uterus. The lower third of the vagina is surrounded by muscles that provide support to the vagina, bladder, and rectum and sometimes contract rhythmically during orgasm

 UTERUS is situated behind the bladder

and in front of the rectum. The main function of the uterus is to sustain a fetus CERVIX opening to the uterus Lubricates the vagina

 OVARIES produce the female sex hormones

(estrogen and progesterone) as well as male sex hormones (testosterone) FALLOPIAN TUBES A pair of tube-like structures originating from the cornua of the uterus with the distal ends located near the ovaries. The size is 10cm long and inch diameter. It transport ovum from ovary to the uterus and a site of fertilization

Appearance of a normal uterus with fundus, lower uterine segment,cervix, vaginal cuff, right fallopian tube, left fallopian tube, right ovary, and left ovary from a young woman.

Here is a normal cervix with a smooth, glistening mucosal surface. There is a small rim of vaginal cuff from this hysterectomy specimen. The cervical os is small and round, typical for a nulliparous woman. The os will have a fish-mouth shape after one or more pregnancies

TYPES OF VULVA

ASSESSMENT
Explain the procedure to the client Wash hands, apply gloves and appropriate infection control

procedure Provide privacy

Inquire clients history: age of onset of menstruation last menstrual period (LMP) regularity of cycle, duration, amount of daily flow, and whether menstruation is painful incidence of pain during intercourse vaginal discharge

 number of pregnancies number of live births labor or delivery complications urgency and frequency of urination at night blood in urine painful urination
incontinence history of sexually transmitted disease, past and present

Position the client supine with feet elevated on the stirrups of an examination table. Alternately assist the client into the dorsal recumbent position with knees flexed and thighs externally rotated. Inspect the distribution, amount, and characteristics of pubic hair.

Inspect the skin of the pubic area for parasites, inflammation, swelling and lesions. Inspect the clitoris, urethral orifice and vaginal orifice when separating the labia minora. Palpate the lymph nodes. Document findings.

INTERNAL GENITALIA

palpate Skenes and Bartholins

glands assess the pelvic musculature inserte a vaginal speculum to inspect the cervix and vagina obtaine a Papanicolaou smear